摘要：A presença portuguesa no Rio de Janeiro foi marcante no início do século XX. Em 1906, os lusitanos chegaram a constituir um quinto da população e metade da mão-de-obra activa na cidade. As disputas no mercado de trabalho acabaram por reforçar sentimentos antilusitanos, que se manifestavam no quotidiano de diferentes formas, convertendo-se, por vezes, em conflitos sangrentos. Tendo como fio condutor a história de um imigrante português, a autora analisa esses conflitos, mostrando que os imigrantes portugueses adoptavam a ideologia do trabalho como estratégia de sobrevivência e acatavam o discurso da irmandade entre brasileiros e portugueses, contrapondo ao antilusitanismo o preconceito racial contra os negros e seus descendentes.↓La présence portugaise à Rio de Janeiro a été particulièrement importante au début du XXe siècle. En 1906, les lusitaniens représentaient un cinquième de la population et la moitié de la main d’oeuvre active de la ville. Les disputes sur le marché du travail ont fini par renforcer les sentiments anti-lusitaniens qui se manifestaient au quotidien de différentes façons, se transformant parfois en conflits sanglants. Avec comme fil conducteur l’histoire d¹un immigré portugais venu tenter sa chance au Brésil, l’auteur analyse ces conflits, montrant comment les immigrés portugais adoptaient l’idéologie du travail comme stratégie de survie et respectaient le discours de la fraternité entre Brésiliens et Portugais, l’anti-lusitanisme ayant pour contrepoint le préjugé racial contre les noirs et leurs descendants.
其他摘要：At the beginning of the 20th century, the Portuguese were much in evidence in Rio de Janeiro. In 1906 they made up a fifth of the population and half the active work force in the city. Rivalry in the labour market certainly stimulated anti-Portuguese sentiment, which showed itself in various ways, in day-to-day life. Slinging matches were the least of it: bloody brawls often occurred. By means of the story of a Portuguese immigrant who came to try his luck and struggled to survive in Brazil, these clashes are analysed. It will be shown that Portuguese immigrants adopted the work ethic as a survival strategy. At the same time they reinforced the idea of the brotherhood of Portuguese and Brazilians. Thus there was a mutual tendency to xenophobia and stereotyping: anti-Portuguese prejudice was counterbalanced by racial discrimination against Negroes and their descendants.
关键词：Rio de Janeiro; identidades; Imigrante português↓Rio de Janeiro; identités; Immigré Portugais
其他关键词：Portuguese Immigrant; Rio de Janeiro; identity
