摘要：The paper considers regional target programs as one of the mechanisms for realization of reforms of housing and communal services of Ukraine. The advantages of program-oriented budgeting and adoption and realization of regional target and budget programs are traced at the regional level. The normative and legislative provisions on application of the program-target method, rationale and necessity of reforming the housing and utilities sector are analyzed, since this concerns the interests of the population and national economy of Ukraine as a whole. Regional target programs are considered as a mechanism of implementation of housing and communal utilities reforms. The practice of implementation of the programs of UŽKG of Mykolaiv Oblast State administration, namely "Drinking water of Mykolaiv for the period until 2020", "Treatment of solid household waste for the period until 2020", "Regional program of partial reimbursement of credits for implementation of energy saving measures in the housing fund for 2016-2020", "The regional program of development of external lighting systems of settlements of Mykolaiv region for the period until 2025", "The regional program of energy saving and development of alternative sources of energy until 2025", etc. The most problematic issues of implementation of programs are determined on the basis of monitoring, they are as follows: repayment of debts to contractors (availability of accounts payable), suspension of the programs for an indefinite period, violation of obligations by participants of the programs, changes in normative and legislative nature, which influence the course of the program implementation, low level of the program effectiveness (financial reporting). In addition, the population is not ready to solve the issues connected with the improvement of amenities: the level of readiness of the population to improve, to implement, to save and to treat with due care the municipal property remains not at the proper level. The monitoring of the program implementation, the analysis of financial documentation and the reporting documents helped to identify main problems (which also trigger a number of other problems), namely: the instability of funding and the discipline of fulfilling the participants’ obligations programs, as well as the presence or absence of additional costs for the implementation of programs through litigation. The ways of improving the practice of application of regional target programs are suggested, namely: to prevent the origination of payables or at least minimize it to real, reasonable expenditures for the implementation of budget programs; during the implementation of the programs do not change the rules and procedures that can cause financial problems and lead to suspension of programs or payment of legal costs on unprotected budget articles; to choose a sufficiently careful and transparent approach for the election of budget program participants; to strengthen the sensitization activities for the population on the necessity and advantages of reforming the housing sector in market conditions; to promptly and clearly cover the experience of the UŽKG of Mykolaiv Oblast State Administration on the implementation of regional target and budget programs for the population in order to involve it in reforming the structure of utilities as the service recipients. It is emphasized that regional target programs are an effective tool of program-oriented control within the project of the regional socio-economic development, as well as provision and implementation of the program activities and tasks within the deadlines, achievement of the parameters of the programs, usage of financial, material, technical and other involved resources as necessary, and as a mechanism of implementation of housing and communal services reform in Ukraine in present day conditions.
其他摘要：The paper considers regional target programs as one of the mechanisms for realization of reforms of housing and communal services of Ukraine. The advantages of program-oriented budgeting and adoption and realization of regional target and budget programs are traced at the regional level. The normative and legislative provisions on application of the program-target method, rationale and necessity of reforming the housing and utilities sector are analyzed, since this concerns the interests of the population and national economy of Ukraine as a whole. Regional target programs are considered as a mechanism of implementation of housing and communal utilities reforms. The practice of implementation of the programs of UŽKG of Mykolaiv Oblast State administration, namely "Drinking water of Mykolaiv for the period until 2020", "Treatment of solid household waste for the period until 2020", "Regional program of partial reimbursement of credits for implementation of energy saving measures in the housing fund for 2016-2020", "The regional program of development of external lighting systems of settlements of Mykolaiv region for the period until 2025", "The regional program of energy saving and development of alternative sources of energy until 2025", etc. The most problematic issues of implementation of programs are determined on the basis of monitoring, they are as follows: repayment of debts to contractors (availability of accounts payable), suspension of the programs for an indefinite period, violation of obligations by participants of the programs, changes in normative and legislative nature, which influence the course of the program implementation, low level of the program effectiveness (financial reporting). In addition, the population is not ready to solve the issues connected with the improvement of amenities: the level of readiness of the population to improve, to implement, to save and to treat with due care the municipal property remains not at the proper level. The monitoring of the program implementation, the analysis of financial documentation and the reporting documents helped to identify main problems (which also trigger a number of other problems), namely: the instability of funding and the discipline of fulfilling the participants’ obligations programs, as well as the presence or absence of additional costs for the implementation of programs through litigation. The ways of improving the practice of application of regional target programs are suggested, namely: to prevent the origination of payables or at least minimize it to real, reasonable expenditures for the implementation of budget programs; during the implementation of the programs do not change the rules and procedures that can cause financial problems and lead to suspension of programs or payment of legal costs on unprotected budget articles; to choose a sufficiently careful and transparent approach for the election of budget program participants; to strengthen the sensitization activities for the population on the necessity and advantages of reforming the housing sector in market conditions; to promptly and clearly cover the experience of the UŽKG of Mykolaiv Oblast State Administration on the implementation of regional target and budget programs for the population in order to involve it in reforming the structure of utilities as the service recipients. It is emphasized that regional target programs are an effective tool of program-oriented control within the project of the regional socio-economic development, as well as provision and implementation of the program activities and tasks within the deadlines, achievement of the parameters of the programs, usage of financial, material, technical and other involved resources as necessary, and as a mechanism of implementation of housing and communal services reform in Ukraine in present day conditions.
关键词：обласна цiльова програма; реформування житлово-комунального господарства; програмно-цiльовий метод, Управлiння житлово-комунального господарства Миколаївської ОДА.
其他关键词：regional target program; reforming of housing and communal services; program-objective method; management of housing and communal services of Mykolaiv regional State administration
