标题：El Campo Turístico de la ciudad de Quito (Ecuador): un análisis del capital de sus agentes y de la (posible) acción colectiva sobre las políticas de turismo como objeto de disputa
摘要：El artículo objetiva identificar quién son los actores que componen el campo turístico de Quito y cómo ellos se articulan para generar políticas públicas de turismo (PPT). Se recurre al abordaje teórico de los campos sociales de Pierre Bourdieu para tratar del problema de la acción colectiva en lo que se considera empíricamente un campo social: el del turismo. Metodológicamente, utilizamos diferentes técnicas de investigación complementares identificando y analizando los mecanismos que estructuran la acción de los actores. La hipótesis es que la construcción de las PPT y los factores que interfieren en su formulación e implementación no tienen un carácter público, sino de intereses particulares. Como conclusión, podemos afirmar que el proceso de PPT está centralizado de arriba hacia abajo y orientada por el Estado con casi ninguna intervención de los otros agentes, lo que conduce, en parte, a las dificultades para ser legitimado y empíricamente puesto en práctica.
其他摘要：This study aims to approach the social field of tourism conformed by stakeholders with interactive dynamics in the context of a specific tourism policy. In order to achieve this, Pierre Bourdieu's theory of social fields was used to frame the problem of action in tourism, empirically assumed as a social field. Additionally, the structuring model of collective action has been used to discuss how the interaction of collective agents has evolved. Empirically, the interactive dynamics of the agents involved in the development of public tourism policies in the municipality of Quito (Equator) were considered as an object of analysis. It is assumed that, to a large extent, this process would involve a large part of the stakeholders in the field. The methods used for the reconstruction of the tourist field as well for the analysis of the mechanisms that structure the action of the stakeholders were historiographical, qualitative and quantitative. The findings show that the process of tourism policies creation in Quito is predominantly influenced by a few agents. In addition, in the structuring process of collective action, it is observed that there is no interactive dynamics between actors what impedes the formation of collective action. As a conclusion, the main decisions about tourism policy are taken by the public authority with almost no intervention from different stakeholders what difficult the legitimization of tourism and its implementation.
