摘要：A classroom survey among 3 211 secondary-school students was conducted in four provinces in Zimbabwe in 1994. The lifetime prevalence and measures of more frequent use of alcohol, tobacco, cannabis and inhalants are presented as well as an analysis of the relationship between drug use and social and cultural predictors. Respondents were selected by means of a two-stage random sample design. Data collection followed international standardised procedures. Stratification was based on the identification of four different socio-cultural groups. Cultural orientation was operationalised by means of a Likert-type 14-item scale on choice of media, language and music. Exploratory principal component analyses revealed a 2-factor solution, representing a Global and a Local cultural orientation dimension. Results showed that self-reported drug use in general varied between the social groups and that experience increased with increasing socioeconomic status. For cannabis and inhalants use, the social distribution differed from that of alcohol and tobacco in that the subgroups low and high on the socio-economic dimension scored highest. Use of all four drugs was positively associated with global cultural orientation, whereas local cultural orientation was negatively associated with use of alcohol and tobacco. For cannabis and inhalants, no relationship with local cultural orientation was demonstrated.
关键词：drug abuse ; alcohol ; tobacco ; inhalants ; cannabis ; students ; secondary schools ; social background ; cultural background ; survey ; Zimbabwe
