摘要：Para analisar a situação da crítica teatral hoje, no Brasil, diante do desaparecimento da imprensa-papel, tradicional, e frente à devastadora crise da arte do teatro, é essencial situar a história da crítica no país, desde o século XIX até hoje, e perceber as linhas de força de estruturação do mercado de teatro. Marcas do século XIX - atitude civilizatória, tom professoral, personalismo, colonialismo e submissão cultural - geraram padrões permanentes de ação para o olhar crítico e para as formas de análise dos espetáculos. O século XX, com o teatro moderno, o aparecimento do diretor, a expansão da influência norte-americana e o surgimento de atores inquietos e inventivos, levou ao nascimento da crítica moderna. No entanto, a renovação proposta diante do teatro "antigo" do primeiro ator e dos homens de teatro, o velho teatro que conseguia ser eficiente ferramenta de inserção pública, precisou se impor como prática autoritária e de desqualificação. Este tom sobrevive em cena e ao redor da cena até hoje - é preciso compreender a sua gênese e a sua historicidade, para buscar formas renovadas de análise do fato teatral. ABSTRACT: The Breakdown of Theatre Criticism: Types of Criticism in Brazil Theatre History To analyse the situation of theatre criticism in today's Brazil, in the face of vanishing traditional print media and a devastating theatre crisis, one must trace the lines of the country's theatre criticism history, from the 19th century to today, and understand the structural foundations of the theatre market. Nineteenth century trademarks — civilisational posture, professorial tone, personalism, colonialism and cultural submission — singed permanent action patterns on critics' outlook and in how spectacles were analysed. The 20th century, with modern theatre, the appearance of directors, the expansion of US influence and restless, imaginative actors, led to the birth of modern criticism. However, this renovation, born in confrontation with the world of the "old" actor's theatre of the homens de teatro — a theatre that could be enormously effective among the general public due to its popularity — had to present itself as an authoritarian, disqualifying practice. This tone survives on the stage and around it to this day. We have to understand its origin and historicity in order to seek renewed ways to analyse the theatrical fact.
其他摘要：The Breakdown of Theatre Criticism: Types of Criticism in Brazil Theatre History To analyse the situation of theatre criticism in today's Brazil, in the face of vanishing traditional print media and a devastating theatre crisis, one must trace the lines of the country's theatre criticism history, from the 19th century to today, and understand the structural foundations of the theatre market. Nineteenth century trademarks — civilisational posture, professorial tone, personalism, colonialism and cultural submission — singed permanent action patterns on critics' outlook and in how spectacles were analysed. The 20th century, with modern theatre, the appearance of directors, the expansion of US influence and restless, imaginative actors, led to the birth of modern criticism. However, this renovation, born in confrontation with the world of the "old" actor's theatre of the homens de teatro — a theatre that could be enormously effective among the general public due to its popularity — had to present itself as an authoritarian, disqualifying practice. This tone survives on the stage and around it to this day. We have to understand its origin and historicity in order to seek renewed ways to analyse the theatrical fact.
关键词：Crítica teatral brasileira; crise da crítica teatral; renovação da crítica teatral; história
da crítica teatral brasileira
