摘要：This paper considers the mechanism of direct state support for students in European countries usingloans and grants: their functions, forms, schemes, and conditions for provision. The peculiarities of the statepreferential educational loan in Ukraine and the reasons for its curtailment since 2011 are determined. Nowadays,it is established that the main form of state support for Ukrainian students who receive higher educationin public procurement comes with academic and social scholarships, whereas students who receive highereducation under a contract of preferential state lending yet after the curtailment of the program are deprivedof any state support. The necessity of restoring the program of preferential state lending for students and thedirections of its improvement, such as the establishment of an interest rate on a loan based on the level of inflation,the establishment of a minimum amount of annual payments on a loan as a percentage of the minimumsalary, the distribution of the risk of non-repayment of a loan between the state, the borrower and his parent,are all substantiated. This is done taking into account the financial capabilities of the Ukrainian state and thehigh levels of hidden income. We consider the establishment of conditions needed for the development of asystem of commercial educational loans, by providing for the provision of a state guarantee on it and partialstate subsidy of interest rates. We consider the areas of improvement of scholarship support of students andsubstantiate the necessity of introducing education at least for orphans, children deprived of parental care,and disabled children.
