摘要：Straipsnyje susisteminami Lietuvoje taikomi įvairūs instrumentai, skirti energijos vartojimo efektyvumui didinti. Šie skatinimo arba valstybės intervencijos į rinkas instrumentai yra būtini, norint įveikti rinkos ydas ir kliūtis, stabdančias energijos vartojimo efektyvumo didinimo priemonių plėtrą. Energijos vartojimo efektyvumas straipsnyje yra traktuojamas kaip taupus visų energijos nešiklių (tiek kuro, skirto energijai gaminti, tiek elektros, šilumos ir kt. energijos formų) vartojimas. Straipsnio tikslas - išanalizuoti Lietuvoje šiuo metu taikomus skatinimo instrumentus, skirtus energijos vartojimo efektyvumui didinti, bei įvertinti jų įtaką energijos intensyvumui mažėti Lietuvoje ir apžvelgti naujų lanksčių skatinimo instrumentų įgyvendinimo galimybes, remiantis kitų šalių patirtimi. Straipsnyje nustatytos energijos intensyvumo kitimo tendencijos Lietuvoje ir susisteminti Lietuvoje taikomi teisiniai, instituciniai, finansiniai, fiskaliniai ir kt. skatinimo instrumentai energijos vartojimo efektyvumui didinti. Taip pat straipsnyje išanalizuotos galimybės sujungti lanksčius energijos vartojimo efektyvumo didinimo skatinimo instrumentus su kitomis lanksčiomis aplinkosauginėmis poveikio priemonėmis (prekyba šiltnamio dujų emisijomis ir prekyba žaliaisiais sertifikatais) bei pateikti skatinimo instrumentų energijos vartojimo efektyvumui didinti plėtros Lietuvoje pasiūlymai.
其他摘要：The aim of the work was to analyse the energy efficiency measures and policies implemented in Lithuania. Energy intensity has declined 2.25 times during 1990-2004 in Lithuania, however, it is still 1.2 times higher than the EU-15 average. The increase of energy prices and implementation of EU directives targeted at energy efficiency are the main drivers of energy intensity decrease in Lithuania. The new edition of the Law on Energy adopted in 2002 regulates general activity of the energy sector, fundamentals of energy development and management and efficient usage of energy and energy resources. According to this law, promotion of energy efficiency is one of the main subjects of state regulation and policy priorities in energy. Several strategies and programmes targeted at energy efficiency increase were developed and implemented in Lithuania. The assignment from the state budget for the implementation of these programmes makes about 15 mill. Lt per year. There are several fiscals in Lithuania to promote energy efficiency in Lithuania: reduced VAT (from 18% to 9%) for insulation and modernization of buildings, feed-in prices for electricity produced from CHP.Since 1996 the Lithuanian Environmental Investment Fund provides financial support for environmentally beneficial investment projects of legal bodies duly incorporated in the Republic of Lithuania and engaged in economic activities, as well as appropriate projects of natural persons and municipalities, the implementation of which reduces the negative impact of the economic activities on the environment. The projects on energy efficiency improvement are supported by soft loans and investment subsidies. 82 mill. EUR were allocated from the EU Structural Funds (namely, the European Regional Development Fund) for the period 2004-2006 to upgrade and develop the energy transmission and distribution networks (especially District Heating networks), to increase their reliability and efficiency, to introduce renewable energy sources for electricity and heat production and to increase the efficiency of energy consumption in public buildings. The implementation of the EU ETS and Flexible Kyoto Mechanisms (Joint Implementation) in Lithuania stimulates implementation of energy efficiency measures. The white certificates system is not yet introduced in Lithuania. At present, however, the incentives provided by the Kyoto mechanisms, including the possible use in the EU ETS of credits generated through JI or CDM project activities, are not sufficient to support energy efficiency projects in Lithuania because of small-scale energy efficiency projects where the transaction costs are too high to use the JI.
关键词：energijos vartojimo efektyvumo didinimo skatinimas.
