摘要：This paper discusses Liam Shields’ sufficientarianism and especially his very innovative construction of the Shift Thesis: that above the relevant threshold there is a significant change in our reasons to benefit people further. The paper argues that, despite its clear advantages, Shields’ view still faces some general problems. First, that it says too little about how different types of reasons to benefit someone should be weighed against each other. Second, and more importantly, that Shields does not provide satisfactory reasons for why we need the Shift in the first place. The paper argues that given the value assumptions that sufficientarians normally adhere to, the upper limit version remains a more promising alternative.
关键词：Shields; sufficientarianism; pluralism; the shift thesis
