摘要：« Les hautes terres tropicales connaissent actuellement des transformations profondes dans leurs systèmes de production, avec le plus souvent des activités plus intensives, que ce soit en travail ou en investissement. Il s’agit d’un phénomène mondial », écrivait Tulet en 2009 (p. 275) à propos du maraîchage. Comme ailleurs dans le monde (Tulet, 2009 ; Charlery de la Masselière et al. , 2009 ; Cochet et al. , 2009), le maraîchage au Népal correspond à l’une de ces formes d’intensification, s’y développant de la même façon, grâce à la croissance des villes et la construction de routes (Brown et Shrestha, 2000 ; Paudel, 2002 ; Duchet et al. 2004 ; Adhikari, 2008 ; Shrestha et al. , 2016).
其他摘要：Pharak region, traversed by the Everest trekking route, sees thousands of hikers every year who come to discover the Khumbu high-mountain landscapes. Formerly a land of pasture, this region has been the scene of significant socio-economic changes since the early 1970s. The population, mainly Sherpa, is gradually abandoning agro-pastoral activities to become more involved in the tourism industry. By generating economic benefits, creating demand and capturing a portion of the labour force, tourism is engendering important transformations in agriculture in the region. Trade exchanges are on the increase and we are witnessing a reconfiguration of the agrarian landscape according to market opportunities. Market gardening, in particular, is gaining momentum and is the subject of a new local business. Based on this example, this article aims to highlight the originality of this way of exploiting the environment, which has developed along with the growth of tourism, yet independently of urban growth and road construction.
