摘要：Turkish prose has been criticized and merely condemned to nonexistence with personal and unjust reviews such as the allegation of being weak and inadequate.It is a clear fact that these kinds of accusations are superficial and do not based upon a profound and complete research and investigation.The reason why prose stayed in the background in Turkish literature is not because poems are dominant and prose writings have a difficult and complicated structure;it is more about the ideological and merciless point of view towards the past especially in Tanzimat and Republic eras.The reviews of Turkish prose writings which are less in number compared to poetry,will make contributions to remove the aforementioned unfair attitudes and prejudices,and manifest that there is a well–protected and registered Turkish prose tradition either.Yazıcıoğulları family has a crucial place in terms of Turkish culture and social system.A member of this family,Yazıcıoğlu Ahmed–i Bîcân emerge as a special man with his eight writings some of which are compile works and seven of them are prose writings.Ahmed–i Bîcân,whose primary purpose was to enlighten the community,is an important figure not only in his contributions to the social system,but also in the development of Turkish prose in 15th century.In this paper we intended to place the writings of Ahmed–i Bîcân within the Turkish prose tradition.
其他摘要：Artykuł omawia systemy wspomagania nawigacji na akwenach ograniczonych dla statków LNG.Ten rodzaj nawigacji często jest odnoszony do nawigacji pilotowej,w której doświadczony ekspert (pilot) znający lokalne warunki asystuje w prowadzeniu statków na akwenie ograniczonym.
