期刊名称：Ido Movement for Culture: Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology
印刷版ISSN：2084-3763
电子版ISSN：2082-7571
出版年度：2010
卷号：10
期号：1
页码：151-152
语种：English
出版社：Idokan Poland Association in Rzeszów
摘要：This paper is a review of a new book by Prof.W.J.Cynar ski "Sztuki walki–IDŌ i IDŌKAN” ("Martial Arts–IDŌ & IDŌKAN”).The author emphasizes a great educational quality of the work and the fact that Prof.Cynarski is the example of a Fighter,who is faithful to the ideas of ways of martial arts he presents in his books.A novelty of this study is also the description of traditional medicine of martial arts and with Cynarski’s own method of self–healing and supporting the process of self–regulation.The book is recommended for ambitious martial arts practitioners including instructors and coaches as well as the rese?archers of martial arts.
其他摘要：It is essential to know not only the shooting–war in the combats occurred in different fronts in the Gallipoli peninsula like Seddilbahir,Arburnu,Anafartalar and Suvla,but also how the medical services such as hospital was operated in those fronts.With launching the Gallipoli campaign,the entente states aimed at a front which would last very shortly and bring many gains.However,their all expectations came to naught.The Gallipoli became a long–duration battle–front and resulted in more casualties than expected.On the other hand,that situation was a resurrection for Turkish people.Nevertheless,the price of the victory was very high.Due to long–term battle,there were so many injuries as much as the number of deaths.The case of injury was accompanied by pediculosis,malaria,cholera,dysentery,paratyphoid,typhus,icterus,inflammation and scorbutic.Besides,the war environment also brought about some other health problems among soldiers.These were in general insomnia,asthenia,irregular heartbeats and deafness.Despite all these problems,hygenic measures were carried out sensitively.The Turkish Medical Department averted any imminent spread of infectious disease among the army which was deployed in a narrow area.In 9 months,110.220 injuries,70.939 patients and those who needed sick leave were sent to the hospitals of "Menzil"and "Kizlay".In this period,48 268 patients and 22.619 injuries were treated at hospitals.Surprisingly,the deathrate at hospitals was low.Only 11.6 per cent of patients and 2.7 per cent of injuries were lost.The hospitals of the fifth army were dominantly in istanbul.When the hospitals reached full capacity,the army and Kizlay began to use the public buildings such as schools as hospitals,just like the Balkan wars.Since most of their students were in the battle,the medical schools,Gulhane and istanbul,interrupted their education and became additional military hospitals.This health service was carried out under the authority of the chief physician of the command of Istanbul along with the domestic health commitees,stretching over izmit,Eskisehir and Konya,in addition to the whole eastern'Thrace.To transport the patients and injuries,it was tried to use a variety of land and sea vehicles as much as possible.The volunteers of charities,such as "The Consumption of National Women Association" (istihlak–1 Milli Kadnlar Cemiyeti),"the Association of Kizlay","The Associations of the Turkish Hearts" (Turk Ocaklan Cemiyeti ) and "The Associations of the Navy" (Donanma Cemiyetleri),and the nun teachers and nurses from non–Muslim civils worked at those hospitals.Moreover,the wives of the civil and military superior persons served voluntarily as nurse.It is an indispensible necessity of the scientific method to make the next generations known about these unnamed and humble muslim and non–muslim doctors of the war who assumed a hard task by serving in a great effort in a quite difficult battle zone,or at least to immortalize them by giving their names to medical institutions.In the end,this study is a modest essay.Although a number of primary sources have been used for this study,it may have some shortcomings in many aspects,due to the inadequacy of the materials.
