期刊名称：Ido Movement for Culture: Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology
印刷版ISSN：2084-3763
电子版ISSN：2082-7571
出版年度：2007
卷号：7
期号：1
页码：196-199
语种：English
出版社：Idokan Poland Association in Rzeszów
摘要：In 2005 the program of physical education based on the Korean martial art Hapkido was published.Moreover,the authors took into consideration team games,gymnastics,elements of dance,winter sports and swimming.It contains the program bases in conformity with the Ministry of Education and Sport order from 6th November 2003 and it takes into account five out of seven permissible forms of realizing the 4th teaching unit of physical education.They can be organized by school as curricular activities,extracurricular activities or the ones which are organized outside school.This program was awarded as one of the five best in Poland and as the best in Małopolskie Voivodeship in the competition organized by the Ministry of Education and Sport entitled "Alternative programs of carrying out physical education and school sport” in 2004.The approval of the Ministry of Education and Sport has opened the gate to the introduction of martial arts to school education within the frames of physical education.The advantage of this program is that it takes into account the features of holistic pedagogy.Thanks to using exercises from martial arts,dojo etiquette and MUK YUM ceremonial you can influence the physical,psychological and spiritual sphere of pupils and students.Various types of martial arts,regardless of their origin,have common attitude towards moral and ethical rules.Teaching pupils during the classes of physical education the simpliest elements of martial arts enables them to take a position on this type of physical activity.Children master the elements of self–defence which can prove to be useful in a dangerous situation.
其他摘要：The events that outbroke and resulted in the massacre oJ many Christians byMuslins in 1860 in Damascus has started a new era in Christian– –Muslimrelations.Stale noables relations changed and the Otoman Empire fnally staredimposing Tanzimat reforms strongly.Eventhough tensions between the 1wocommunities remained,in reality the nature of inter–communal relations wastransformed.A reflection of this transformation were the attempts to creale acommon Syrianidentity.1t is very interesting to observe the support andencouragement of the Otoman Empire to construet this Syrian identity.
关键词：hapkido;program of teaching;martial arts;physical education;extra curricular activities;holistic pedagogics
