出版社：University of Belgrade, Teacher Education Faculty
摘要：This paper offers a concise analysis of the development of e–education and distance education.E–education is considered to be the basis of e–learning,which consequently becomes one of the models for teaching adults.Given the fact that in the last couple of years the phenomen of e–learning has become a multidisciplinary research subject in different scientific fields (social sciences,natural sciences and humanities),in the first part of the paper the readers are provided with the fundamental knowledge of the problem–related terminology,and an overview of the historical development is offered as well (from distance education to e–education).The second part deals with the main topic of this paper–the model of e–education and e–teaching for adults.The first part of the paper also contains theoretical findings based on the relevant literature on distance (correspondence) learning as a fore–runner of e–learning.It also elaborates on the historical development of distance learning,the importance of the programmed teaching designated by the behaviourists,and later the so–called teaching mashines (e.g.Pressey's machine),definitions of the concepts of distance learning and teaching,as well as the definitions of e–learning and e–education related to the hybrid model of learning (which implies motivation,mental awareness and users'experience).The advantages and disadvantages of specific e–learning and teaching tools are also considered (video conferencing,Skype,etc.).The last section of the paper provides the authors'considerations regarding the potential of e–learning for distance learning and teaching of adults based on teaching and learning theory (behaviourism,cognitivism,constructionism).This section also deals with the Knowles'four principles of adult learning,the continuum as a concept in e–learning,didactic triangle in online environment,Gagne's nine events of instruction,and the characteristics of adult learners in the third stage of life in the new (multi)media environment,as well as the obstacles for educators.
其他摘要：U radu se sažeto analizira razvoj e–obrazovanja i takozvanog korespondentnog (dopisnog) obrazovanja.E–obrazovanje se promatra kao infrastruktura za razvoj e–učenja,koje posljedično postaje jednim od modela poučavanja odraslih.S obzirom na činjenicu da je u posljednjih nekoliko godina fenomen e–učenja postao multidisciplinarni predmet proučavanja raznih znanstvenih područja (jer ulazi u domenu društvenih,prirodnih i humanističkih znanosti),rad će čitatelju u prvom dijelu pokušati dati temelj za upoznavanje terminologije problema uz kratki prikaz povijesnog razvoja (od dopisnog obrazovanja do e–obrazovanja),a u drugom dijelu će se prikazati model e–učenja i poučavanja odraslih,što je njegova glavna tema.U prvom dijelu rada iznose se teorijski nalazi iz relevantne literature o dopisnom (korespondentnom) obrazovanju koje predstavlja preteču e–obrazovanja kao infrastrukture e–učenja.Iznose se nalazi o povijesnom razvoju učenja da daljinu,važnosti modela programirane nastave koju su imputirali bihevioristi,a kasnije i takozvani strojevi za učenje (među kojima je prvi bio Presijev stroj),pojmovno određenje učenja i poučavanja na daljinu,te u konačnici pojmovno određenje e–obrazovanja i e–učenja koji se vežu za hibridni model učenja (uz koji se veže motivacija,mentalna kondicija i iskustva korisnika).Razmatraju se neki od alata za e–učenje i poučavanje (video–konferencija,Skype i drugi),kao i njihove prednosti i nedostaci.U posljednjem dijelu rada razmatraju se mogućnosti e–učenja kao koncepta učenja i poučavanja odraslih na daljinu koji leži na teorijama učenja i poučavanja (biheviorizmu,kognitivizmu i konstruktivizmu),ističu se i razmatraju četiri Nolsova principa učenja odraslih,pojam kontinuuma u e–obrazovanju,didaktički trokut u onlajn okruženju,devet Ganjeovih koraka obrazovnih sadržaja te karakteristike odraslog/e učenik/ce i učenika/ca treće životne dobi u novom (multi)medijskom okruženju kao i moguće prepreke za edukatora/icu.
关键词：distance education;distance learning and teaching ;e–learning;e–education;tools for e–learning
其他关键词：korespondentno obrazovanje;učenje i poučavanje na daljinu;e–učenje;e–obrazovanje;alati za e–učenje.
