标题：INITIATIVES AND SUGGESTIONS FOR INTRODUCTION OF GYMNASTICS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS OF THE PRINCIPALITY OF SERBIA (elementary schools, gymnastics, initiatives, suggestions, introduction)
其他标题：INICIJATIVE I PREDLOZI ZA UVOĐENJE NASTAVE GIMNASTIKE U OSNOVNE ŠKOLE KNEŽEVINE SRBIJE
出版社：Montenegrin Sports Academy and Faculty for Sport and Physical Education
摘要：Upon gaining its autonomy in 1830, the Principality of Serbia also creates the conditions for faster development of education, since the Sultan’s edict granted it the right to open schools. The first Law on schools was passed at the suggestion of the Head of the Ministry of Education Jovan Sterija Popovic in 1844 (Ustrojenije javnog učilištnog nastavlenija), and predicted a complete organization of all schools: elementary, commercial, high and lycees. The Law also prescribed three years of elementary education in villages and four years in towns. For the first time education of female children is predicted. “Law on structure of elementary schools” was passed in September 1863 and it predicted the introduction of the fourth grade in village schools. Thirty-eight years (1830-1868) passed from obtaining autonomy, i.e. the right in Serbia to open its schools, to the official introduction of the physical activity instruction in elementary schools. It was a period in which it was attempted to organize structure and work of elementary schools. However physical education used to appear in pedagogic literature, drafts of laws on schools and proposals of officials and schools commissions of the Ministry of Education of the Principality of Serbia: 1. Milovan Spasic had hold an office of the main school principal since 1845 and he wrote three books, as the main reference books for elementary school teachers. One of them is “Pedagogično metodično nastavlenije ya učitelje osnovnih škola” (1855) where he wrote about physical education of children. Although physical education was not present in the Curriculum, he treated it as the most important task of both teachers and parents. 2. In the “Projekt zakona o školama za Knjažestvo Srbije” (1859) where you can find the subjects to be taught in elementary schools, it was stated that “as on of the subjects for boys ‘physical practice’ and ‘gymnastics’ for girls should be taught.” 3. Doctor Djodje Natošević, came from Novi Sad to be an official in the Ministry of Education of the Principality of Serbia in 1867, and stayed until the August of 1868. Upon inspection of schools he concluded that “there is no physical education in elementary schools! Elementary school is doing nothing for its development.” Therefore, in the “Survey of scientific subjects to be developed and taught” he suggested gymnastics as one of the school subjects in all four classes, every day from 11 to 11.30 a.m and from 4 to 4.30 p.m. 4. School commission of the Ministry of Education, whose president was Milovan Spasić, proposed gymnastics “to be recommended to teachers in towns and in villages where it is possible, for children between classes, and that instead of jumping and running they should be taught to some regular gymnastic movements.” All proposals and intentions contributed so that the Minister of Education Dimitrije Matic by his decree of December 1868, introduced gymnastics in elementary schools of the Principality of Serbia.
其他摘要：Tokom 19. i početkom 20. veka Srbija je prolazila kroz buran period društvenog, političkog, ekonomskog, kulturnog i prosvetnog razvoja. Period borbi za nacionalno oslobođenje u prvom (1804) i drugom srpskom ustanku (1815) i srpsko-turskim ratovima (1856-1
