出版社：Montenegrin Sports Academy and Faculty for Sport and Physical Education
摘要：Take-off power is one of the main biomotor abilities for predicting the results of many sport disciplines. It plays a particularly important role in motor situations when the take-off power is combined with the velocity of movement. The core aim of this study was to establish and analyse the fundamental kinematic, dynamic and electromyographic parameters which generate the results of selected take-off power tests. The experimental procedure involved two elite female triple jumpers. According to Bosco ’s protocol the following tests were selected: squat jump, countermovement jump and drop jump -25 cm. The following were analysed: jump height, take-off time, flight time, take-off velocity, maximum take-off force, angle velocity of the ankle, knee and hip joints, force impulse and duration of the eccentric and concentric phases of take-off. The 3D-kinematic analysis of jumps was based on a system of nine SMART-e 600 video-cameras (BTS Bioengineering), with a 60 Hz frequency and a 768x 576pixel resolution. The kinematic parameters were processed using the BTS SMART Suite programme. Dynamic parameters were established by means of two separate force-platforms, namely Kistler, Type 9286A. The analysis of the electromyographic activity (EMG) of the following muscles: m. erector spinae, m. gluteus maximus, m. rectus femoris, m. vastus medialis, m. vastus lateralis, m. biceps femoris, m. tibialis anterior and m. gastrocnemius medialis was made ming a 16-channel electromyograph (BTS Pocket EMG, MYOLAB). The research showed that the jump height (h) as a criterion of explosive power was generated by: the velocity of take-off, flight time, force impulse in the concentric phase and optimal knee joint angle. The analysis of the EMG activation in vertical jumps showed the proximaldistal principle of muscle activation. In the first phase of the take-off action, the trunk extensors (m. erector spinae) and hip extensors (m. gluteus maximus) are activated. In the second phase, the take-off efficacy is generated by the knee extensors (m. rectus femoris, m. vastus medialis) and, in the final phase, the plantar flexors of the ankle joint (m. gastrocnemius medialis) are activated.
其他摘要：Snaga je jedna od najvažnijih biomotoričkih sposobnosti u predikciji rezultata sportaša različitih sportskih grana. Sa snagom su više ili manje povezane i sve ostale motoričke sposobnosti. Zato nije ni čudno da su mnoga kineziološka istraživanja fokusi- r
