摘要：The functioning of the market system everywhere is accompanied by the crisis phenomena. It is impossible to imagine the development of a modern economy without economic UPS and downs, which disrupted the economic stability and the economic entities enter into a certain imbalance. Not exception-eating is the development of the crisis and companies of Ukraine. The origin and course of the crisis in Ukrainian companies requires a deep scientific study of modern economic theory and practice, as it can be considered a certain phenomenon, with significant features in comparison with other countries in crises companies. The manifestation of the crisis can be expressed in the decline in production, the deterioration of economic indicators, the financial insolvency of the company, have other symptoms that characterize its presence, as well as evaluate the various degrees of severity. Despite the fact that the Ukrainian company has led to a crisis, as it was heavy, and what the symptoms manifested, the main aim of the company in a state of crisis of uncertainty is the "survival" of the market and the continuation of further functioning. The issue of assessing the severity of the crisis and to identify measures to eliminate it in Ukrainian companies is extremely important and yet insufficiently developed. This is because, firstly, in economic science remains poorly understood the essence of the crisis, its species and assessment methodology taking into account the realities of the modern Ukrainian. Secondly, the emergence of the crisis in Ukraine – a frequent phenomenon, their course is quite difficult and time-consuming, but also has its own characteristics, depending on the formation of the Ukrainian political and economic systems, historically developed social and economic development of the country, the impact of external macroeconomic factors. These points need to be considered in the development of evidence-based, effective system of anti-crisis solutions for Ukrainian companies. The object of research is process of study of the crisis phenomena and the formation on its basis of anti-crisis measures in the companies. Subject of research – a set of theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of improving the assessment of the severity of the crisis of Ukrainian companies and the formulation of appropriate anti-crisis solutions. The methodological basis of this research is the dialectical method of cognition, systemic and historical approaches to the study of problematic issues, fundamental principles of the economic theory and the theory of crisis management. Applied the following research methods: logical generalization, systemic structural analysis, comparison, statistical, identifying cause-andeffect relationships, matrix, ranking, expert, etc. The purpose of the study is to improve estimates of the severity of the crisis, Ukrainian companies and develop appropriate anti-crisis solutions. In connection with this acute problem is to determine the characteristics and strategic respectively tactical crisis management and develop crisis toolstov in the system of corporate governance of Ukrainian companies. The obtained results determine the necessary methodological basis for improvement of the assessment of the severity of the crisis of Ukrainian companies and the formulation of appropriate anti-crisis solutions. Theoretical, methodical and applied results of research used in the process of crisis management of companies mining and metallurgical complex, shipbuilding and engineering industry of Ukraine.
关键词：crisis;causes of the crisis;consequences of the crisis;view of crisis;particularly the flow of the crisis;assessment of the severity of the crisis;crisis management
