摘要：It is generally known that physical activity has a positive effect on bone mineral density (BMD) and body bone mass increase.The aim of this study is to determine at what extent BMD is affected by various sports involving different movement patterns and to find out the differences comparing with sedentary people.This study was conducted on two groups;a study group consisting of nine water-polo players,eleven football players,nine bodybuilders and a control group consisting of 12 sedentary subjects.In all subjects,BMD (g∕cm2) measurements were taken at L 2-3-4 vertebra,neck,trochanter major and Ward's triangle of the left femur by using Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA).The data were evaluated with the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U Test.As a result,BMD values were found significantly higher (p<0∙001) in L 2-3-4 vertebra,neck,the trochanter and Ward's triangle of the left femur in football players than in water-polo players.BMD values of football players were also found significantly higher (p<0.001) in L 2-4,neck,and trochanter of the left femur and (p<0.05) in L3 and Ward's triangle than the control group.In body-builders,BMD values were found significantly higher (p<0.001) in the trochanter of the left femur and significantly higher (p<0.005) in Ward's triangle of the left femur than in controls.No significant difference was found between water-polo players,body builders and the control group.It was concluded that sports activities which involve different movement patterns (especially jumping) and exerting higher stress on bones,stimulate more bone density increase compared with other sports.
