摘要：Increased consolidation in the U.S.brewing industry has raised legitimate concern about brewing firms’ ability to exert market power over the downstream.Using structural models of oligopoly behavior,this research estimates the market power in the U.S.beer (manufacturing) industry over a 30-year period,during which the sector experienced a rapid increase in concentration and the demise of many small firms.The results show that the beer market is price-sensitive,and that both distilled spirits and carbonated soft drinks were substitutes for beer.While we were unable to detect the impact of the labor and material costs for the price of beer,we found that the federal tax on beer increased beer prices.Our results indicate that while there was some indication of market power,U.S.brewers did not exert oligopoly power over downstream firms (distributors and retailers).
其他摘要：Uvećana konsolidacija u industriji piva SAD-a,s pravom je dovela do brige u vezi sa sposobnošću činilaca te industrije da iskažu tržišnu moć u odnosu na naftnu industriju.Zasnivajući se na strukturalnom modelu oligopolskog ponašanja,ovo istraživanje analizira tržišnu moć industrije piva u SAD-u,tokom perioda od 30 godina,tokom kojeg je ovaj sektor iskusio ubrzan porast – kada je u pitanju koncentracija i gašenje nemalog broja malih firmi.Rezultati pokazuju da je tržište piva osetljivo na cene,kao i da je pivo zamenilo i žestoka pića i gazirana,bezalkoholna pića.Premda nismo mogli da utvrdimo uticaj vrednosti radne snage i materijala na cenu piva,utvrdili smo da je federalni porez na pivo uvećao cenu istog.Naši rezultati ukazuju na to da – iako postoji naznaka tržišne moći,američka industrija piva nije uspela da emituje oligopolsku moć u odnosu na naftnu industriju (distributere i preprodavce).
关键词：U.S.brewing industry;market power;NEIO.
其他关键词：američka industrija piva;tržišna moć;NEIO (novi međunarodni ekonomski poredak).
