摘要：This study investigated the effects of children`s temperament and environmental factors on boys` and girls` noncompliance in ecological context. Observations were made of 62 children(34 boys and 28 girls,x=44 months) enrolled in child-care centers. Mothers and caregivers completed questionnaires. Data were analyzed by t-test,Pearson`s Correlation,and three way ANOVA. Results showed no significant gender difference in noncompliance. There were correlations between children`s activity level,maternal rejection and responsiveness,quantity of child-care and boys` noncompliance. For girls,only activity level and quantity of child-care were related to noncompliance. The effects of maternal child-rearing behavior and child-care variables on noncompliance varied by children`s gender and temperament..
