摘要：According to principle of all principles,formulated in §24 of Ideas I,every originary presentive intuition is a legitimizing source of all cognition.Th e principle is the one of givenness,and,as such,it seems to show the limits of philosophical problematization,since the true givenness leaves no room for sensible questions and is,as Husserl puts it,the absolute matter of course.Proceeding from the key diff erences and intuitions of Husserlian phenomenology,I show instead that bringing phenomena to phenomenological givenness does not eliminate them,but,on the contrary,constitutes them as problematic.In grounding this thesis in the fi rst section of the article I start with analyzing diff erences underlying the problematics of givenness in phenomenology.Th ese are the correlative diff erences between empty and fulfi lled intention and between meaning and fulfi lling sense,which are introduced in Logical Investigations.In the second section I show that the Husserlian idea of fi nal fulfi llment as strict phenomenological evidence—eliminating the surplus of meaning in relation to the givenness and hence,at fi rst sight,depriving the phenomenon of its problematical character— is,at the same time,the idea of fi nal ‘emptying' of meaning which turns it into the problem.In view of this,the article puts together the Husserlian description of fi nal fulfi llment with the analysis of the phenomenon of death in Heidegger's Being and Time to demonstrate their affi nity.In the third section,relying on Hans Jonas' description of metabolism,I draw an analogy between the relation between organism and matter and the one between problem and givenness to substantiate the thesis that problematicity is not a philosophical dead end,but the constitutive feature of life and life-world.
其他摘要：Согласно «принципу всех принципов»,сформулированному в Идеях I,изначально дающее созерцание есть правовой источник любого познания.Этот принцип,как принцип данности,как будто полагает предел философской проблематизации,поскольку подлинная данность не оста
