标题：Korean Journal of Child Studies : The Effects of Physical Effort using Props on 3-year-old Children`s Ability in Relation to their Creative Physical Expression and Development of a Physical Self-concept
摘要：The purpose of this study is to synthesize research findings on the relationship between parenting efficacy and the variables related to it as well as to produce results using meta-analysis. The following questions guide this study: Which variables are frequently conducted in research related to parenting efficacy? What is the effect size of each variable? The 65 studies whose results are analyzed in this paper were collected via a search for investigations focusing on ``parenting efficacy``. The studies were used for meta-analysis in which eleven variables were selected. The results of the analysis indicate that a large effect size is produced by the parenting stress in a negative direction. A higher than medium effect size occurs on the basis of parenting beliefs in a negative direction. A higher than medium effect size is also caused by the father`s involvement in child care and social support. A medium effect size is produced on the basis of children`s temperament and a small effect size is the result of the mother`s academic background parenting knowledge and parent`s income. There is no relationship between parenting efficacy and children`s gender.
关键词：Physical expression;Physical self-concept;Physical effort using props
