摘要：The presented experiments are aimed at determining: (1) whether risk perception and risk acceptance are two distinct psychological processes and (2) how aspirations affect each process. It has been tested whether risk is independent of and preferences are depend on aspirations. In Experiment 1 72 employees of a high-tech company were presented with pairs of risky projects. The aspiration level was defi ned as the target return on the project and was set through an explicit instruction. In Experiment 2 93 bridge players were presented with pairs of contracts – one a sure thing and the other a risky one. The aspiration level was related to the team IMP points after the fi rst part of a knockout tournament and was set through an instruction. In both experiments with a between-subject design, two different aspiration levels were set for each group. All respondents were asked to judge riskiness of presented options and to select one. The results indicate that risk perception is insensitive to changes in aspirations, but preferences are. This supports distinctness of risk perception and risk acceptance.
其他摘要：Celem prezentowanych badań było: (1) sprawdzenie, czy ocena i akceptacja ryzyka to dwa niezależne procesy psychologiczne oraz (2) jaki wpływ na oba procesy ma poziom aspiracji. Sprawdzano, czy oceny ryzyka są niezależne, a wybory zależne od aspiracji. W E
关键词：risk perception; risky choice; risk attitudes; aspirations; R-V models; cumulative prospect theory (CPT); security-potential/aspiration (SP/A) model of choice
其他关键词：ryzyko; wybory ryzykowne; postawy wobec ryzyka; aspiracje
