摘要：The paper deals with control of emotions,which is important for effective social interaction.We investigated how children and adolescents comprehend control over the emotions of joy,sadness,anger,and fear.In a half-structured interview,7-,9-,and 11-year-old children/adolescents (N = 54) responded whether they believe people are able to control the intensity and quality of four basic emotions and what are the reasons for their opinion.The results and their compatibility with findings of previous studies on the development of understanding emotions in other areas have led to the following conclusions: In middle and late childhood and early adolescence explanations of control of emotions show that middle level of understanding prevails (e.g.a person believes that people control their emotions by a single action or thought).Compared to children,early adolescents more often explain control of emotions at higher levels (e.g.they believe that people control their emotions with longer mental processes).Compared to children in late childhood and adolescents,children in middle childhood more often explain control of emotions at lower levels of understanding (e.g.they believe that people control their emotions with behaviour).
其他摘要：Za posameznikovo učinkovito socialno delovanje je pomembno predvsem področje nadzora čustev,na katerega se osredotočamo v prispevku.Zanimalo nas je,kako otroci in mladostniki razumejo nadzor nad čustvi veselja,žalosti,jeze in strahu.Ugotovitve izpeljujemo iz raziskave,v kateri so 7,9 in 11 let stari udeleženci (N = 54) odgovarjali na vprašanja polstrukturiranega intervjuja o tem,ali ljudje lahko nadzorujejo intenzivnost in kvaliteto pri štirih temeljnih čustvih ali ne ter zakaj je po njihovem mnenju tako.Na podlagi rezultatov in njihove skladnosti z ugotovitvami raziskav o razvoju razumevanja čustev na drugih področjih zaključujemo,da v srednjem in poznem otroštvu ter v zgodnjem mladostništvu prevladujejo razlage nadzora čustev na srednjih ravneh razumevanja,npr.da ljudje z enkratnim dejanjem ali mislijo upravljajo s svojimi čustvi.Mladostniki pogosteje kot otroci v srednjem in poznem otroštvu uporabljajo zapletenejše razlage nadzora čustev na višjih ravneh razumevanja,npr.da ljudje čustva nadzorujejo z dalj časa trajajočimi miselnimi procesi.Otroci v srednjem otroštvu pogosteje od tistih v poznem otroštvu,slednji pa pogosteje od mladostnikov uporabljajo razlage na nižjih ravneh razumevanja čustev,npr.da ljudje čustva nadzorujejo z vedenjem.
