摘要：Microgenetic experiment is relatively new tool in a developmental psychology research.It is primarily used in discovering broad range of cognitive processes such as the development of logical operations,memory and attention as well as beliefs or school adaptation.Designed as an extension of simple longitudinal and cross-sectional approaches it is convinient to research mental processes in all developmental stages of human being,from infancy to the old age.Microgenetic approach is characterised with repeated observations of behaviour.Observations are carried out in a relatively short period of time and yet they cover the whole interval between first appearance and stabilisation of a process in a subject.The microgenetic approach offers a good insight into the nature and development of the change.The article presents the general steps in both forming and performing of a microgenetic experiment,as well as the approaches used in the data analyses.On more general level,the article presents major practical and theoretical advantages and disadvantages of a microgenetic approach to be considered in the future.
其他摘要：Mikrogenetski eksperiment predstavlja relativno nov pristop,ki ga v razvojni psihologiji uporabljamo za raziskovanje širokega sprektra miselnih procesov,od raziskovanja razvojnih zakonitosti logičnih operacij,spomina in pozornosti,do razvoja prepričanj in prilagajanja na šolo.Nastal je kot nadgradnja enostavnih prečnih in vzdolžnih pristopov in je uporaben pri raziskovanju omenjenih procesov v vseh razvojnih obdobjih od zgodnjega otroštva do starosti.Opredeljen je z ponovljenimi opazovanji,ki se začnejo,preden se določen kognitivni proces pri posamezniku pojavi,in končajo,ko se opazovani miselni proces razvije in stabilizira.Glavna prednost mikrogenetskega pristopa je v tem,da lahko v relativno kratkem časovnem intervalu spremljamo kognitivne spremembe v času,ko se le te pri posamezniku pojavljajo.S tem dobimo dober vpogled v nastanek in razvoj določenega miselnega procesa.Prispevek predstavlja osnovne korake oblikovanja in izvedbe mikrogenetskega eksperimenta ter njegove glavne praktične in spoznavno teoretske prednosti in omejitve.
