摘要：Due to an intesive growing of crops tolerant to herbicides,obtained by conventional breeding methods or by genetic engineering (genetically modified - GM crops),interest for studies of gene transfer from crops to wild relatives has increased in the last two decades.This paper provides an overview of the risks associated with growing crops tolerant to herbicides,with the most attention paid to transfer of genes responsible for tolerance through pollen.Also,potential barriers for prevention of this problem were analyzed.Considering that sunflower hybrids tolerant to herbicides cultivate in our country,potential risks of gene transfer from these hybrids to wild relatives were discussed.A study of the transfer of genes responsible for tolerance to herbicides has mostly been limited to the hybrid offspring of the F1 generation so far.However,research in this area in the future should be focused on the long-term effects of this phenomenon studies.
其他摘要：Usled sve učestalijeg gajenja useva tolerantnih na herbicide,bilo da su dobijeni klasičnim metodama oplemenjivanja (netransgeni usevi) ili primenom genetičkog inženjeringa (transgeni tj.genetički modifikovani (GM) usevi),interesovanje za proučavanje transfera gena sa useva na divlje srodnike je poraslo u poslednje dve decenije.U ovom radu je dat pregled rizika povezanih sa gajenjem useva tolerantnih na herbicide,pri čemu je najviše pažnje posvećeno transferu gena odgovornih za tolerantnost putem polena.Takođe,sagledane su i potencijalne barijere za sprečavanje ove pojave.S obzirom da se kod nas gaje hibridi suncokreta tolerantni na imidazolinone i tribenuron-metil,razmotreni su i potencijalni rizici od transfera gena sa ovih hibrida na divlje srodnike.Proučavanje transfera gena odgovornih za tolerantnost na herbicide do sada je uglavnom bilo ograničeno na hibridno potomstvo F1 generacije.Ipak,istraživanja u ovoj oblasti u budućnosti treba usmeriti na proučavanje dugotrajnih efekata ove pojave.
