摘要：Rad predstavlja rezultate prinosa i promene nivoa zakorovljenosti u usevu psenice,kao deo trogodisnje rotacije soja- ozima psenica- kukuruz,sa uvodenjem varjanti minimalne obrade zemljista sa: rotacionom drljacom,plugom podrivacem i kosim plugom.Eksperimenti su sprovedeni na Phaeozem polioprivrednom tipu zemljista u transilvanijskoj ravnici,sa kon- vencionalnim i Cetiri sistema minimalne obrade zemljista.Na nivo zakorovljenosti uticao je tip sistema obrade zemljistat,u periodu od faze kljanja do zetve useva psenice.U fazi klja- nja useva,ukupan broj korova iznosio je 31,8 korova/m2 u varijanti sa oranjem+obrada ro- tacionom drljaCom i izmedu 31,6 -34,7 korova/m2 u varjanti minimalna obrada zemljista.Povecan broj visegodisnjih dikotiledonih korova moze biti registrovan u varijanti minimalna obrada zemljista (izmedu 1,2-1,6 korova/m2),u poredenju sa varijantom oranje+obrada rotacionom drljaCom (0,9 korova/m2).U stadijumu zetve useva,broj korova bio je 8,2- 50,6% visi u varijantama sa minimalnom obradom zemljista,u poredenju sa kovencionalnim sist- emom obrade.Smanjenje procenta jednogodisnjih dikotiledonih korova ocigledan je,85,9% u varijanti sa plugom,i71,5-78,9% u varijanti minimalnaobrada zemljista,sa povecanjem kod visegodisnjih dikotiledonih korova (sa 7,9% na 8,4 13,8%) i monokotiledonih korova (sa 6,2 na 11,6 20%).Promene u floristickom sastavu ukazuju na potrebu za promenom strategije kontrole korova u usevu ozime psenice,u varijantama minimalne obrade zemljista.Povecanje procenta visegodisnjih dikotiledonih korova za 59% (sa 7.9% na 13,8%) dovodi do neophod- nosti za uzgojem ozime psenice u rotaciji useva sa leguminozama,uz primenu specificnih herbicida,u prethodnim usevima i usevu psenice.Zastupljenost monokotiledonih korova od 11,6% do 20,0% naglasava neophodnost za primenom razlitih strategja kontrole i korelacije,za nivo zakorovljenosti kao i tip korova,ukljucujuci tu i njihov jednogodisnji ili visegodisnji karakter.Prinosi koji su ostvareni primenom sistema minimalne obrade zemljista kretali su se oko 97,8 98,2%,kada se obrada kosim plugom i plugom podrivacem porede sa oranjem i bili su znaCajno nizi u vatijanti obrade rotacionom drljaCom,dok je u tom slucaju nivo zakorov- ljenosti bio najvisi.
其他摘要：This paper presents the yield and evolution of weeding level in wheat crop,as part of a three-year soybean-winter wheat-corn rotation,with the implementation of minimum soil tllage variants with: rotary harrow,paraplow and chisel plough.The experiment has been conducted on a Phaeozem argic soil type in Transylvania Plain,with conventional and four minimum tllage systems of soil cultivation.The level of weeding was influenced by the soil tllage system in the phase of springing up to the harvest of the wheat crop.At crop spring- ing.the total number of weeds was 31.8 weeds/m2 in the variant with plough + rotary har- row and between 31.6-34.7 weeds/m2 in minimum tllge variants.A greater number of perennial dicotyledonous weeds can be recorded in the minimum tllage variant (between 1.2-1.6 weeds/m2),when compared with plough + rotary harrow variant (0.9 weeds/m2).At the crop harvest stage,the number of weeds was 8.2-50.6% higher in the variants with minimum tllage system,when compared to the conventional tllage system.A decrease in the percent of annual dicotyledonous weeds is evident,from 85.9% in the variant with plough,to 71.5-78.9% in the variants with minimum tllage systems,with an increase in perennial dicotyledonous (from 7.9% to 8.4- 13.8%) and monocotyledonous weeds (from 6.2 to 11.6-20%).The changes in the floristic content of weeding level indicates the need for changing the strategies of weed control in winter wheat crop in the variants with mini- mum soil tllage systems.Increasing the percent of perennial dicotyledonous weeds by 59% (from 7.9% to 13.8%) makes the wheat cultivation in crop rotation with leguminous nec- essary,completed with the use of specific herbicide methods,in previous crop and wheat crop.The presence of monocotyledonous weeds of about 11.6% to 20.0% completes the necessity for the application of diferent strategies of control and correlation,for the weed- ing level as well as the type of weed,including their annual or perennial character.Yields obtained by applying minimum tllage were 97.8 98.2%,when paraplow and chisel are compared to plough and were significantly lower in the rotary harrow variant,while weed- ing level was the highest.
