摘要：The Swedish Royal Academy awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize in Economics to Lloyd Shapley and Alvin Roth,for the theory of stable allocations and the practice of market design.These two American researchers worked independently from each other,combining basic theory and empirical investigations.Through their experiments and practical design they generated a flourishing field of research and improved the performance of many markets.Shapley provided the fundamental theoretical contribution to this field of research,whereas Roth,a professor at the Harvard University in Boston,developed and upgraded these theoretical investigations by applying them to the American market of medical doctors.Namely,their research helps explain the market processes at work,for instance,when doctors are assigned to hospitals,students to schools and human organs for transplant to recipients.
其他摘要：Švedska Kraljevska akademija nauka dodelila je u 2012.godini Nobelovu nagradu za ekonomiju Lojdu Šepliju i Elvinu Rotu za teoriju stabilnih raspodela i praksu tržišnog dizajna.Ova dvojica američkih istraživača radila su nezavisno jedan od drugog kombinujući osnovnu teoriju i empirijska istraživanja,i uz eksperimente i praktičan dizajn doprineli su izuzetnom razvoju ovog polja istraživanja i unapredili performanse mnogih tržišta.Šepli je dao početni teoretski doprinos ovom polju istraživanja,a Elvin Rot ga je razvio,unapredio i u praksi sproveo.Njihova istraživanja pomažu u objašnjavanju tržišnih procesa,na primer pri radu na raspodeli lekara u bolnice,učenika u škole i ljudskih organa za transplantaciju pacijentima.
关键词：Swedish Royal Academy;2012;Nobel Prize in Economics;Lloyd Shapley;Alvin Roth;theory of stable allocations;research;practical design;game theory.
其他关键词：Švedska Kraljevska akademija;2012.godina;Nobelova nagrada za ekonomiju;Lojd Šepli;Elvin Rot;teorija stabilnih raspodela;istraživanje;praktičan dizajn;teorija igara
