摘要：background Silence is understood as a decision not to speak up in situations of observed irregularities both in productivity and ethics.The study examined the validity of the Four Forms of Employee Silence Scale (FFESS) in the Polish population.The scale is a four-factor measure designed to cap_ture differently motivated tendencies to be silent in orga?nizations.The scale distinguishes acquiescent,quiescent,prosocial and opportunistic silence.Employee silence has been linked to many important individual outcomes: failure to react to ethical transgressions,stress and depres?sion,and lower creativity and productivity.participants and procedure A total of 1044 employees of various organizations working for at least six months at a given position provided the responses for the validation study.results The results confirmed the superiority of the four-factor model shown by adequate fit indexes: The FFESS has ad_equate internal consistency at both the scale and item levels.The criterion-related validity of the scale was estab_lished by correlating four forms of silence with measures of emotional attitude toward organization,procedural jus?tice,relational contract and turnover intention.conclusions The four forms of employee silence are empirically dis?tinct concepts in the Polish sample.The scale may be used as the measurement of individual differences.It can also serve as a tool for diagnosing a climate of silence in an organization.
关键词：silence in an organization;procedural justice;relational contract;quality of relations;emotional attitude
