出版社：Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Ühing (Estonian Association for Applied Linguistics)
摘要：The focus of the article is on the acquisition of the distinctly differentiated lexical layer of onomatopoetic words,imitatives. Both early onomatopoetic words in general and imitatives are in a period when there are no morpho- logical characteristics in the language usage of a child and syntactic characteristics can not be spoken of due to the absence of multi-word expressions,belonging to ambivalent word class. Imitatives are short language units that need no morphological change and can therefore be used in a so-called readymade form. This enables a child to be a member of a language collective and communicate already in a pre-morphological period when the inflexion system has not yet been acquired. Imitatives are frequent and early in child language,caused mainly by their frequent use in the child directed speech and the propounding conditioned by the reduplicative structure. Already early imitatives are characterized by the regular alteration of sounds characteristic to onomatopoetic words. The usage of onomatopoetic words depends to a certain extent on socio- cultural aspects: a certain language room has its characteristic words based on a number of traditional routine situations. As the child ages,in a protomorphological stage when the acquisition of morphology begins,the onomatopoetic words and imitatives become morphologically more com- plicated both in the usage of a child and the parent,also in the course of ageing there shall be less routine situations containing onomatopoetic words in conversations. It can be deduced that the more general purpose of a frequent use of onomatopoetic words and imitatives is the attempt of the one speaking with the child to simplify the process of their conversa- tion. The usage of supportive verbal constructions and the later use of deduced verbs with a similar lexical content demonstrates especially clearly the speaking ability of a child to adapt his own language use according to his development.
其他摘要：Ariklis on vaatluse all selgelt eristuva leksikaalse kihi,imitativide omanda- mine. Keelematerjaliks on ihe eesti keelt emakeelena omandava lapse spontaanse kone lindistused. Lisaks lapse konele on vadeldud ka lapse vestluspartneri,ema keelekasu- tust. Analiusitud materjali pohjal voib vaita,et varased onomatopeetilised sonad,sh eelkoige imitativid on sonaligilt ambivalentsed,lapse keeles varased,lapse ja vanema keeles sagedased,varasel perioodil enamasti reduplikativsed,imitatividele omase reegliparaselt varieeruva haalikulise kujuga ning soltuvad teatud maaral sotsiokul- tuurilisest keelekeskkonnast. Lapse vanemaks saades muutuvad konealused sonad ni lapse kui ka vanema keelekasutuses morfoloogiliselt keerukamaks,samuti jiib vestlus- tes vahemaks onomatopoetilisi sonu sisaldavaid rutinsituatsioone. Eeloeldu annab alust oletada,et onomatopoeetiliste sonade ja imitativide sagedase kasutamise ildisem eesmark on suhtlusprotsessi lihtsustamine,tugiverbikonstruktsioonide ja hilisem sama leksikaalse sisuga tuletatud verbide esinemine demonstreerib ka morfoloogilise keeru- kuse valtimist.' .
其他关键词：keeleomandamine;lapsekeel;onomatopoetilised sonad;imitativid; reduplikatsioon;pre- ja protomorfoloogia;hoidjakeel;eesti keel
