出版社：Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Ühing (Estonian Association for Applied Linguistics)
摘要：The article discusses some problems of polysemy and synonymy occurring in Latin legal language.The material analysed comprises the terms collected for the compilation of the Latin-Estonian Juridical Dictionary (2005).Polysemy is generally avoided in terminology.However,absolute monosemy is not in accordance with the principles of language functioning.The meaning of the term reflects the local conditions and time in which it is used,and its usage may become more specific or more general,or the term may even come to denote a totally different idea.In the case of polysemy the meanings of the terms become distinct first in the common language and legal language.Polysemy also occurs in the legal language across the various areas of law.Different meanings for the same terms have developed in penal power and civil law,for example.The meaning of legal terms also varies in the usage characteristic of different legal systems.Legal language differs from language for other specific purposes in one significant aspect: it is culturally determined,associated with an individual society and its legal system.Even though European legal thinking is generallybased on the common heritage of Roman Law and the terms originating from it have become rooted in modern legal systems,the meanings of Latin legal phrases oftendiverge depending on whether they are used in the Anglo-American legal system or in continental Europe.Smaller differences between the meanings of identical terms can also be found in the use of legal language of Romance and Germanic legal families.
其他摘要：Artikkel käsitleb ladina keelest pärit õigusterminite polüseemia ja sünonüümia probleeme.Alusmaterjalina on kasutatud “Ladina-eesti õigussõnastiku” (2005) ainest.Ehkki Euroopa õigusmõtlemine baseerub ühisel Rooma õiguse pärandil ning sellest võrsunud terminid on õigussüsteemides juurdunud,esinevad ladina terminid juriidilistes materjalides sageli erinevas tähenduses,kusjuures erinevused on ka õigussüsteemide ja õigusperekondade terminite vahel.Samuti võib leida sama mõiste tähistajana mitu erinevat terminit.Artikkel analüüsib,millistel juhtudel on polüseemia ja sünonüümia ladina õigusterminoloogias taunitavad,missugustel aga mõistlikud ja otstarbekad.
关键词：legal language;terminology;terminological dictionaries;lexical semantics;language contact;polysemy of terms;synonymy of terms;Latin;Estonian
其他关键词：õiguskeel;terminoloogia;terminisõnastikud;leksikaalne semantika;keelekontaktid;polüseemia;sünonüümia;ladina keel;eesti keel
