出版社：Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Ühing (Estonian Association for Applied Linguistics)
摘要：This article examines the acquisition of the Estonian conditional in child language.The data comes from two small corpora: the CHILDES corpus of Andreas (age 1;7–3;1) and his parents and the corpus of children’s (age 3–5) conversations during play in groups of three.The Estonian conditional marker is -ks(i),which is added to the stem of the verb,e.g.ole+ks ‘(it) would be’.In the 1st and 2nd person singular and in all persons in the plural it may be followed by a morpheme indicating the person,e.g.ole+ksi+n ‘I would be’.It is common to leave the person-ending out,e.g.oleks ‘I/you/he etc.would be’.The conditional has two tense forms: the present conditional (used mostly to express the future),and the perfect conditional (expresses the past).The first conditionals occur in Andreas’ corpus at the age of 2;0;the adult-like usage of the present conditional without person-marking can be observed at the age of 2;6.The person-marked conditional forms occur at the age of 3;0.The perfect conditional occurs at the age of 3;0 as well,but it is not yet used in an adult-like way.In the playtime conversation corpus the present perfect occurs at the age of 4 and 5 and it is used in an adult-like way,but only in some restricted constructions (e.g.oleks kukkunud ‘would have fallen’).In child language the co-influence of constructional acquisition via input and the conversational needs of the child can be observed.In the speech of Andreas’ mother,constructions of conditional modal verbs prevail (peaks sööma ‘should eat’),while in the child’s language the most frequent constructions are those beginning with et ‘that’ (e.g.et läheks mina puhtaks ‘to make me clean’).
其他摘要：Artiklis käsitletakse verbi konditsionaalivormide arengut eesti lapsekeeles.Kasutatakse kahte korpust: Andrease CHILDES-i korpust,milles leidub ühe lapse salvestisi vanusest 1;7 kuni 3;1,ja 3–5-aastaste laste mängude salvestisi.Esimesed preesensi konditsionaali vormid ilmuvad Andrease keelde 2 aasta vanuses,regulaarseks ja sagedaseks saab neid aga pidada umbes vanuses 2;6.Laps kasutab neid kõige rohkem et-konstruktsioonides,ema aga lapsele suunatud kõnes kõige rohkem modaalverbikonstruktsioonides.Mänguvestluste põhjal võib öelda,et konditsionaali preesens esineb juba kõigis täiskasvanupärastes funktsioonides (s.t nii kujuteldava olukorra tähenduses kui viisakusvahendina),kuid perfektivormid on veel selleski vanuses piiratud väheste kasutuskontekstidega.*.
关键词：first language acquisition;verb morphology;the conditional mood;constructions;Estonian
其他关键词：esimese keele omandamine;verbimorfoloogia;konditsionaal;konstruktsioonid;eesti keel
