标题：IMPORTANCE OF PRESIDENTIAL AUTHORITY IN TURKISH REPUBLIC CONSTITUTIONS AND DISCUSSIONS ABOUT ABDULLAH GÜL’S TERM OF OFFICE IN THE FRAMEWORK OF 2007 CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS
其他标题：TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYETİ ANAYASALARINDA CUMHURBAŞKANLIĞI MAKAMININ ÖNEMİ VE 2007 YILI ANAYASA DEĞİŞİKLİKLERİ ÇERÇEVESİNDE ABDULLAH GÜL’ÜN GÖREV SÜRESİ TARTIŞMALARI
摘要：Since the Republic of Turkey was founded,in Turkey,the three constitutions have been made.In all the 1924,1961 and 1982 Turkish Constitutions,a special importance has been attached to the Presidency.In fact,the Presidency,in our Country,has extraordinary authorities in the areas of Legislation,Execution and Judiciary.In the most Presidency elections that have been made until today,important crises have been lived,besides.After 1923 when the Republic was founded,Mustafa Kemal ATATURK became the First President of the Republic of Turkey.After ATATURK’s death,Ismet INONU and then Celal BAYAR filled the seat of the Presidency of the Republic of Turkey.Ismet INONU and Celal BAYAR are the Presidents who were elected according to the 1924 Turkish Constitution.On 27 May 1960,Turkish Armed Forces staged a coup d'état and made an end to the 1924 Turkish Constitution.After the coup d'état on 27 May 1960,a constituent assembly was gathered and prepared the 1961 Turkish Constitution.After the constitution draft prepared was passed by a referendum,the 1961 Turkish Constitution went in effect.According to the 1961 Turkish Constitution,the term of office of the President would be seven years and be elected with the secret ballot of the two thirds majority of the total member number by T.N.A.(the Turkish National Assembly).If this majority might not be constituted in the first and second rounds,the President would be elected with absolute majority,and no one would be elected for a second time successively as a president.The Presidents at the time when the 1961 Turkish Constitution was in valid were elected according to this procedure.At the time of the 1961 Turkish Constitution,Cemal GURSEL,Cevdet SUNAY and Fahri KORUTURK,respectively,became the Fourth,the Fifth and the Sixth Presidents of the Republic of Turkey.In the 1961 Turkish Constitution,it was not mentioned how would be followed a way if the necessary majority was unable to be constituted in the last round,in the election process of Presidency.Therefore,while the election for the seventh president was making,the necessary majority was unable to be constituted in the last round in the T.N.A.,and the Parliament was unable to elect the Seventh Presidents for months.The Right-Left fights lived in the Country and the tension related to law and politics that emerged by the Assembly was unable to elect the Seventh President in no way led to 12 September.On 12 September 1980,Turkish Armed Forces seized the control.After “12 September Coup”,as was in the 1961 Turkish Constitution too,it was constituted a new constituent assembly responsible for preparing a new constitution.The constitution draft that was prepared by the constituent assembly was held a referendum,and it was passed.This Constitution which took the affirmative vote from the people more than % 90 is the 1982 Turkish Constitution,which is still in effect,despite it has lived a lot of amendments.While the 1982 Turkish Constitution was passing,it was witnessed something new in the history of the Republic.The constitutional voting and the election of Presidency were united.Kenan EVREN,who is the head actor of 12 September,became the Seventh President of the Republic of Turkey by the passing of the Constitution in the end of a referendum.Besides,Kenan EVREN has gone down in history with His characteristic that He was the only President of the Republic of Turkey who was elected by neither the Parliament nor the people.
其他摘要：2007 yılında Anayasa Mahkemesi’nin vermiş olduğu 367 kararı,TBMM tarafından cumhurbaşkanının seçilmesini zorlaştırmıştır.Hükümet bu tıkanıklığı çözmek için Anayasa değişikliği yoluna gitmiş ve yapılan halkoylaması sonucu Türkiye’de cumhurbaşkanının halk tarafından seçilmesinin ve görev süresinin 5 yıl olmasının yolu açılmıştır.Bu tarihten sonra,Abdullah Gül’ün görev süresinin 5 yıl mı? yoksa 7 yıl mı? olacağı tartışmaları gündeme gelmiştir.Abdullah Gül’ün görev süresi tartışmalarını incelediğimiz bu çalışmamız sürerken TBMM Anayasa Komisyonu,12 Ocak 2012 günü toplandı.Komisyonda Abdullah Gül’ün tekrar seçilmemek şartıyla görev süresinin yedi yıl olduğu sonucuna varıldı.TBMM Genel Kurulu’nda kabul edilen tasarı,26 Ocak 2012 tarihinde Resmi Gazete’de yayımlanarak yürürlüğe girdi.Böylece,Abdullah Gül’ün görev süresinin 7 yıl olduğu kesinleşti.Bu çalışmanın konusunu Cumhuriyet dönemi anayasalarında Cumhurbaşkanının seçimine yönelik hükümler,Anayasal dönemlere göre seçilen cumhurbaşkanları,11.Cumhurbaşkanlığı seçimi sürecinde yaşanan krizler ile Abdullah Gül’ün görev süresi tartışmaları oluşturmaktadır.
关键词：The Constitutions of the Republic of Turkey;The Elected Presidents;The Constitutional Amendments;Term of Office
其他关键词：T.C.Anayasaları;Seçilen Cumhurbaşkanları;Anayasa Değişiklikleri;Görev Süresi
