期刊名称：Revista Raega: O Espaço Geográfico em Análise
印刷版ISSN：1516-4136
电子版ISSN：2177-2738
出版年度：2016
卷号：38
页码：365-384
DOI：10.5380/raega.v38i0.43037
摘要：O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar, na Região Sul do Brasil, zonas climáticas homogêneas, usando para esse fim a disponibilidade hídrica e contribuir, assim, para estudos de riscos climáticos na agricultura, pecuária e florestas. As regiões foram delimitadas por análise de agrupamento, com variáveis classificatórias definidas pela disponibilidade mensal de água resultante da diferença (P-ETP) entre a pluviosidade (P) e a evapotranspiração potencial (ETP). A análise permitiu o reconhecimento de seis zonas com disponibilidade hídrica homogêneas na Região Sul do Brasil. O Noroeste do Paraná apresenta menor saldo entre precipitação e evapotranspiração no inverno, enquanto a Metade Sul do Rio Grande do Sul apresenta menor saldo no verão. Nas demais regiões, os saldos têm valores intermediários, havendo regiões com excedente hídrico, entre as quais destaca-se o Litoral e o Sudoeste do Paraná, Oeste de Santa Catarina e Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul.
其他摘要：The aim of this study was to identify, in southern Brazil, homogeneous climatic
zones based on water availability and thus contribute to land use planning
studies about reducing climate risks in agriculture, livestock and forests. The
regions were defined by cluster analysis using classificatory variables that is
defined by monthly water availability. This water availability is resulted from
difference between rainfall (P) and potential evapotranspiration (ETP). The
result of analysis allowed to the recognition of six homogeneous zones of water
availability in southern Brazil. Paraná Northwest has less balance between
precipitation and evapotranspiration in the winter, while the southern half of Rio
Grande do Sul has less balance in the summer what could adversely affect
agricultural productivity in this period. The analysis result allowed the
recognition of six zones with homogeneous water availability in southern Brazil.
In the Northwest of Paraná there is small difference between precipitation and
evapotranspiration in the winter, while in the southern half of Rio Grande do Sul
there is small difference in the summer what can adversely affect agricultural
productivity in this period. In other regions, the balances have intermediate
values. There are regions with excess of water, among which stands out the
coast and southwest do Paraná, west of Santa Catarina and north-west of Rio
Grande do Sul. The water surplus in these region can help raise productivity of most crops, but favor the appearance of pests and diseases and impair the
quality of grain and harvest.
