摘要：Small business is the basis for the development of the modern economy of Russia.In modern conditions, small enterprises can be credited in various credit institutions, the most significant and popular among which are banks and microfinance organizations.The volume of the microfinance market is many times smaller than the banking one, although the number of registered microfinance organizations exceeds the number of banking credit institutions by more than 3 times.Microfinance institutions are actively developing, although in recent years, due to the economic and political situation, there has been a slowdown in their growth rates. To date, microfinance organizations are becoming a more significant element of the financial infrastructure that supports and stimulates the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises, which in turn serves as an effective tool for combating poverty and improving the living standards of the country’s population. Microfinance in the narrow interpretation is understood only as the provision of small monetary loans (loans), and in a broader context, “microfinance” includes, in addition to direct lending, operations to attract savings, payments, insurance, leasing and a number of other financial services. This article is devoted to the specifics of microfinance in Russia.On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the domestic microfinance system with the systems of a developed and a developing country, namely, the USA and India, the features of providing microfinance services for small and medium businesses, as well as for nonprotected sections of the population, are revealed.The analysis of foreign experience is very important for Russia since the mechanisms of microfinance in this country are only being formed.
关键词：микрофинансирование; микрофинансовые институты; микрофинансовые услуги; малый и средний бизнес; население; уровень бедности.
