标题：La producción de maíz en Sinaloa, México, y sus implicaciones para el medio ambiente/ The Production of Corn in Sinaloa, Mexico and its Implications for the Environment
期刊名称：Letras Verdes: Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Socioambientales
电子版ISSN：1390-6631
出版年度：2019
期号：25
页码：100-118
DOI：10.17141/letrasverdes.25.2019.3705
出版社：Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, sede Ecuador
摘要：La sustitución de cultivos acarrea problemas de contaminación al ambiente, principalmente al suelo y agua. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la evolución de la producción de maíz blanco en Sinaloa y sus implicaciones para el ambiente, derivadas de la sustitución de cultivos. La metodología empleada es el cálculo del número índice de crecimiento de la producción y la superficie sembrada de maíz, por grupos de cultivos y los cinco cultivos básicos en Sinaloa. El periodo analizado, de 1980 a 2016. Sinaloa se ha convertido en el principal productor de maíz blanco en las últimas décadas; su cultivo es intensivo en agroquímicos, lo que puede ocasionar problemas de contaminación al suelo y agua. La superficie sembrada se incrementó 287 % de 1980 a 2016, especialmente en áreas irrigadas. Cereales y hortalizas son los grupos que más crecieron y representan el 72,9 % del valor de la producción. Los procesos productivos involucran costos ambientales como los resultantes de la aplicación de fertilizantes y plaguicidas, que sin un adecuado control deterioran el suelo, contaminan los mantos freáticos, la flora, la fauna y la salud humana. Abstract The substitution of crops leads to problems of contamination to the environment, mainly to soil and water. The objective of this article is to analyze the evolution of the production of white corn in Sinaloa and its implications on the environment, derived from the substitution of crops. The methodology used is the calculation of the index number of growth of the production and the area planted with corn, by crop groups and the five basic crops in Sinaloa. The period analyzed is 1980 to 2016. Sinaloa has become the main producer of white corn in recent decades; its cultivation is intensive in agrochemicals, which can cause pollution problems to soil and water. The planted area increased 287 % from 1980 to 2016, especially in irrigated areas. Cereals and vegetables are the groups that grew the most and represent 72,9 % of the value of production. The productive processes involve environmental costs such as those resulting from the application of fertilizers and pesticides, which, without adequate control, deteriorate the soil, pollute groundwater, flora, fauna and human health.
其他摘要：Abstract The substitution of crops leads to problems of contamination to the environment, mainly to soil and water. The objective of this article is to analyze the evolution of the production of white corn in Sinaloa and its implications on the environment, derived from the substitution of crops. The methodology used is the calculation of the index number of growth of the production and the area planted with corn, by crop groups and the five basic crops in Sinaloa. The period analyzed is 1980 to 2016. Sinaloa has become the main producer of white corn in recent decades; its cultivation is intensive in agrochemicals, which can cause pollution problems to soil and water. The planted area increased 287 % from 1980 to 2016, especially in irrigated areas. Cereals and vegetables are the groups that grew the most and represent 72,9 % of the value of production. The productive processes involve environmental costs such as those resulting from the application of fertilizers and pesticides, which, without adequate control, deteriorate the soil, pollute groundwater, flora, fauna and human health.
