标题：A Comparative Study of French, British, Dutch, and Russian External Supervisory Agencies of Investigators and Prosecutors within Integrated Criminal-Justice-System
摘要：Criminal justice system consists of sub-systems that carry out different tasks and authorities. However, they have the same purpose to implement legal provisions against crimes. The sub-systems cover police, prosecutor, court, and correctional institution. However, in practice, especially in Indonesia, the relation of these sub-systems is not harmonious. It causes legal certainty becoming hard to achieve. One of the solutions is the establishment of supervisory institutions. Nevertheless, in Indonesia, the function of supervisory institution is still unbalanced. Police investigators and prosecutors are stationed at different institutions. The National Police Commission (Kompolnas –Komisi Kepolisian Nasional) and the Prosecutorial Commission (Komjak –Komisi Kejaksaan) are formed by Presidential Regulation, while the Judicial Commission as the Court supervisory institution is formed by the law. A comparison of France, The Netherlands, United Kingdom, and Russian reveals the fact that Police and Prosecutor are under the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Justice. Therefore, the coordination between investigators and prosecutors can be harmonious under one coordination. This study employed a comparison method to observe the supervisory institutions to minimize the practice of judicial corruption in the sub-system. There are two opportunities. The first is to strengthen the main tasks and authorities of Kompolnas and Komjak by changing the existed legislation or establishing new supervisory institution that covering all supervisory functions in the activities of investigation, prosecution, and examination (by the judge) in one legislation.
