The following research had the objective of investigating the influence of the post-doctoral training program on the scientific and bibliographic literatures produced for researchers/professors involved in graduate programs at Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF. Studies about the post-doctoral phenomenon are rare in literature and the few studies found in international literature only refer to the reality of a single Higher Education Institute. This paper intends to measure the changes in the professors' production registered in scientific journals under the perspectives ex-ante and ex-post, also looking to expand the scope of studies of this field of research and embracing the reality of a federal university. With a population of 278 doctors who performed their post-doctorate studies until 2008, the results point to a significant increase of the UFF post-doctoral training program, especially in the last ten years, evidencing the institutional profile of the professors who honor and publish massively in conferences. The most relevant result is that this university is homogeneous among the various teaching profession strata in its demand or supply for post-doctoral placements, having the same percentage levels among new professors and senior professors. When the performance is the focus, that is, the productivity in research, the evidences showed that the post-graduate professors at UFF, in general, take advantage of the post-doctoral reality, especially the older ones in doctoral completion. They seek, through socialization, an opportunity to update and recycle the knowledge through interaction with a recently generated knowledge. Regarding the post-doctorate this happens by connectivity with other universities or research groups.