出版社：Brazilian Association of Sleep and Latin American Federation of Sleep Societies
摘要：This cross-sectional survey estimates the sleep characteristics in a representative sample of adolescents from public schools of two citiesAssis and Cândido Mota-located in the Brazilian Southeast Region, São Paulo State. These cities have approximately 95,000 and 30,000 inhabitants, respectively. This research is part of a larger study and 1,187 questionnaires were subject to analysis. The adolescents students completed an abbreviated and adapted version of the UNIFESP Sleep Questionnaire. Students were asked questions inquired about sleep habits and quality. Insomnia was assessed through complaints of difficulty initiating sleep and frequent nocturnal awakenings. Daytime somnolence was assessed through complaints of diurnal sleepiness with impairment of daytime activities and sleepiness in the classroom. The frequency of sleep problems were rated on a 4-point scale: 1) never, 2) few times; 3) many times; 4) always. Those who answered 3 or 4 were considered to have a significant complaint of insomnia or daytime sleepiness. We examined differences in sleep habits and complaints in three age groups: the young (aged 10-12; N¼262), the intermediate group (aged 13–15; N¼621) and the old group (aged 16– 18, N¼304). Regarding sleep duration on weekdays, two-way ANOVA showed an significant effect of age, F(2, 1184)¼115.0, po.001, but no gender or interaction effects. The average sleep duration for the young group was 9:30 (SD 1:36), almost 1 hour more that for the intermediate (8:2471:42) and 2 hours more than the old group (7:3071:18) Older adolescents went to bed later than intermediate and young groups, which do not differ between them (23:0671:18 vs 22:4271:24 vs 22:3071:36, respectively, po.001). The groups also differed regarding waking time: older adolescents woke up earlier than the intermediate and young groups (6:3671:18 vs 7:0071:36 vs 8:0071:36, respectively, all comparisons po.001). Approximately 15% of all adolescents considered themselves as "poor sleepers" and the general prevalence of difficulty falling asleep, frequent nocturnal awakenings, diurnal sleepiness and somnolence in the classroom was 11.7%, 6.2%, 6.7% and 14.6%, respectively.In addition to going to bed later, older adolescents sleep less than younger adolescents and are not getting the minimum recommendation of about 8.5 hours of sleep. Sleep problems were common and our findings are similar to those reported in other countries.
