标题：INFLUENCE OF DEVELOPMENT AND COLLAPSE OF THE OLD POLISH DISTRICT ON ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES AND LAND USE DURING THE LAST 200 YEARS: CASE STUDY FROM CZARNA KONECKA RIVER BASIN (HOLY CROSS MTS. REGION, POLAND
摘要：The aim of the study was recognizing the hydrotechnical infrastructure and metallurgical activity and changes in the structure
of land use and its hydrographic network of the Czarna Konecka total catchment, and in Integrated Water Surface Parts
(SCWP): SW0709, SW0710, SW0711 over the last 200 years. The analysis was based on a comparative analysis of
cartographic material from various research periods. The development of the metallurgical industry in the period from the
beginning of the 19th c. to the first half of the 20th c. caused a decrease in the forest's share in land cover and an increase in
the length of watercourses. In the next 100 years, the area designated for renewal increased, but the species structure of the
trees changed almost completely. Conifers were mainly used for afforestation. The increase in the length of watercourses
was caused by the construction of drainage ditches, millers for the needs of water mills, mills, sawmills and for agriculture.
In addition, many sections of the rivers were regulated and straightened. At the same time, due to the termination of many
industrial plants, the area of water reservoirs drastically decreased until the first half of the 20th c. Many of them have been
drained, or have been partially or completely silted up by sediments flowing in by rivers. The increase in standing water
surface in the last about 100 years was caused by the construction of new water reservoirs, mainly for breeding ponds.
关键词：Czarna Konecka catchment; changes in catchment use; hydrographic changes; Polish Uplands; Merged Surface Water Parts.
