期刊名称：International Journal of Development and Sustainability
印刷版ISSN：2186-8662
出版年度：2019
卷号：8
期号：4
页码：284-295
出版社：International Society for Development and Sustainability (ISDS)
摘要：In a context of pressing demand for energy in an increasing urbanized world, energy supply and vulnerability are momentous issues. A plethora of authors addresses this matter, being widely accepted that the more different sources of energy are available, the less vulnerable is an area. In Sao Paulo, electricity is highly predominant in households, being gas comparatively underused. Apart from this uneven energy supply, electrical energy is almost totally distributed by overhead grids constantly affected by gales, storms, toppling trees, traffic accidents, etc. Consequently, São Paulo is an energy vulnerable city, which is expressed by frequency and duration of outages. This being said, this research aims to prove the hypothesis that increasing gas use would lower energy vulnerability. We defined the concept of vulnerability and chose indicators that fit best the São Paulo reality: 1) Dimension of an area served by a power substation. 2) Availability of different sources. 3) Distance from avenues. 4) Proximity to priority areas. 5) Density of trees along streets. By crossing these indicators and attributing to them different weights, we established four classes of energy vulnerability: very high, high, medium and low. Then, we mapped all residential areas according to these classes. Finally, we changed the variable 2 by rising artificially the use of gas to draw a scenario where electricity and gas are equitably used. In this testing scenario, we could clearly observe a decreasing in very high and high vulnerability areas in São Paulo, whereas medium and low areas grew, corroborating the hypothesis.
