标题：Monte-Carlo simulations of external dose contributions from the surrounding ground areas of residential homes in a typical Northern European suburban area after a radioactive fallout scenario
摘要：The emissions of 137Cs into the environment from the nuclear accidents in Chernobyl in 1986 and
Fukushima in 2011 led to the need to decontaminate large areas to avert radiation doses to the
population in the afected areas. To be able to perform cost-efective and sustainable remediation,
knowledge is needed about how radiation doses can be minimized through optimized interventions
such that the greatest possible reduction in radiation dose is obtained with the smallest possible
negative impact on the area. Theoretical calculations have been performed to determine how
radiation doses in single family houses in a typical Swedish residential suburb arise from a hypothetical
137Cs deposition on the ground. The intention was to highlight how remediation of diferent parts
of the surroundings afects the radiation dose to the residents in a particular property. A Monte
Carlo model of the houses and the environment in a suburban area was set up to allow calculations
of the dose contributions from diferent contaminated ground areas such as their own property,
neighbouring properties, streets and surrounding recreational areas. Calculations were performed for
eleven observation points inside diferent rooms of the house and one observation point in the garden
outside the house, for four houses in the neighbourhood, and for two types of building construction
material. The infuence of the time spent in diferent rooms of the house and the contamination of
areas surrounding the house was studied. The results show that in general the main dose contribution
originates from their own property, but that a signifcant part (30–80%, depending on the observation
point) can come from other areas, showing the importance of considering the surroundings in
remediation actions. More detailed analysis of the results showed that the dose contribution from a
source region is in general highly dependent on the position of windows in a brick house, whereas for a
wooden house the distance to the source region is also of relevance.
