At present, higher greenhouse gas (GHG) have triggered global efforts to reduce their level as much as possible for sustainable development. Carbon dioxide is one of the imperative anthropogenic emissions due to its increased excessive accumulation in the environment. Thus, serious attention is required to reduce the level of CO₂ using advanced and efficient CO₂ capture technologies. Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technologies may play an important role in this direction. At present, solvent-based sorbents are being utilized in CO₂ capture for various industrial processes. In this category, the characters of non-materials are playing a crucial role to improve the CO₂ absorption capacity of the process. This study is mainly focused on the role of nanotechnology in the post-combustion CO₂ absorption process. The functions of nanomaterials and nanoparticles have been studied in the present work. Additionally, various challenges related to absorption efficiency using nanomaterials have been discussed. The study concludes that the higher thermal stability and exceptional properties of nanomaterials popularized them for use in CO₂ capture processes.