Education in Brazil has been facing constant changes and teachers are being affected by psychological symptoms that cause suffering and harm. This study aimed to identify symptoms of anxiety and stress in elementary school teachers. This is a cross-sectional quantitative research, with a sample of 200 teachers from a city of Rio Grande do Sul State, divided into three groups according to their practice: public, private, and both (public/private). The instruments used were: sociodemographic and health questionnaire, LIS-A, LIS-E, and DASS-21. Higher anxiety scores were found in teachers who work in both schools, and stress symptoms were higher in the public school teachers.