摘要：Data produksi dari perkebunan nanas di Lampung Tengah menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan produktivitas antar unit lahan walaupun dalam pengelolaan lahan dan pemupukan yang sama. Perbedaan ini diduga terjadi akibat adanya variabilitas sifat kimia dan fisik tanah. Penelitian bertujuan membandingkan sifat kimia dan fisika tanah di area pertanaman nanas dengan produksi berbeda. Contoh tanah diambil di area pertanaman berdasarkan perbedaan produksi yaitu di 6 blok lahan produksi rendah dan 3 blok lahan produksi tinggi. Sifat kimia tanah yang diukur meliputi P dan K tersedia, P dan K potensial, N total, pH, C-organik, kation-kation dapat ditukar, dan unsur mikro tersedia. Sedangkan sifat fisika tanah yang diukur mencakup bobot isi, tekstur tanah, dan ketahanan penetrasi di sekitar perakaran secara vertikal dan horizontal. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan uji T dan korelasi. Hasil uji T sifat kimia tanah menunjukkan tanah yang berproduksi tinggi nyata memiliki P tersedia, P potensial, N total dan Zn tersedia yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan tanah yang berproduksi rendah. Selain itu tanah berproduksi tinggi nyata memiliki bobot isi, penetrasi vertikal, dan penetrasi horizontal yang lebih rendah dibandingkan tanah yang berproduksi rendah. Terdapat korelasi negatif nyata antara produksi nanas dengan P potensial, Zn tersedia, bobot isi, penetrasi horizontal, penetrasi vertikal. Analisis keseluruhan menunjukkan bahwa sifat fisika tanah terutama bobot isi ketahanan penetrasi lebih sebagai penentu produktivitas dibandingkan sifat kimia. Sifat kimia tanah lebih menunjukkan kondisi residu setelah penyerapan hara untuk menunjang produksi nanas. Untuk dapat meningkatkan produksivitas lahan, diperlukan pengelolaan tanah untuk menurunkan bobot isi dan ketahanan penetrasi.
其他摘要：Differences in productivity were observed in various land units on pineapple plantation in Central Lampung even with the same land and fertilization management. The nature of soil chemical and physical variability were thought to be the cause of these differences. The study was aimed to compare chemical and physical soil properties in land units with different pineapple productivity. Soil samples were taken from 6 units of land with low and 3 units of land with high productivity. The soil chemical properties measured include available P and K, potential P and K, total N, pH, organic C, exchangeable cations, and available micro nutrients. The soil physical properties determined include bulk density, soil texture, and penetration resistance. The data was analyzed using T-test and correlation. The T-test revealed that the high productivity soils were significantly lower in available P, potential P, total N, and available Zn compared to the productivity soils. Furthermore, the high productivity soils were significantly lower in bulk density and penetration resistances both vertically and horizontally. There were significantly negative correlations between pineapple yields with potential P, available Zn, bulk density, and penetration resistance both vertically and horizontally. Overall analyses indicating that the physical properties were more as productivity determinant, particularly bulk density and penetration resistance, compared to the chemical properties. The chemical properties were more as residual conditions after nutrient absorption process to support pineapple productivity. In order to increase the productivity, it is necessary to manage the soil to lower bulk density and penetration resistance.
