摘要：The article is analyzes the legal support of social protection of childhood in Ukraine, outlines its current state (on the example of the Mykolaіv region), the existing problems in the researched sphere are revealed and the ways of their solution are offered. At the beginning of the study, the essence of the concept of «social protection» and «social protection of childhood» is defined. Different views of scientists on the interpretation of these two concepts are given. The main part of the article is devoted to characterizing the formation of the system of social protection of childhood and its legal support. During the years of Ukraine's independence, a number of international normative legal acts have been ratified, vector laws and other legal documents have been adopted, and the best foreign experience of developed countries in building a modern national child protection system has been studied and applied. Significant measures have also been taken to introduce a proactive social policy in the country with regard to families raising children. Currently the domestic system of social protection of children does not meet all the needs of the population and does not fully fulfill its obligations aimed at ensuring social and legal guarantees of children's rights. The system of institutions of institutional care and upbringing of children is analyzed, and also distribution of children on age, on term of stay in institutions on their care in the Mykolaіv area, etc. is investigated. It has been established that deinstitutionalization aims to introduce changes in the system of child protection, focused primarily on the preservation and support of the family, the best possible protection of the rights and interests of children. Such a policy is a condition for reforms aimed at reducing the level of orphanhood in the country. At the end of the article, it was concluded that comprehensive implementation of the measures will help solve existing problems in the domestic system of social protection of children, coordination and direction actions of all subjects of social work on early detection of family problems, providing families with children comprehensive support and assistance in overcoming difficult life circumstances.
关键词：соціальний захист дитинства;соціальна послуга;інтернатний заклад;інституційний догляд;складні життєві обставини.
其他关键词：social protection of childhood; social service; boarding school; institutional care; difficult life circumstances
