摘要：Este trabajo contrasta las bases de la economía monetaria metalista con los fundamentos monetarios institucionalistas del cartalismo. Impugna la concepción del dinero que permea las doctrinas económicas y políticas contemporáneas, y propone una concepción más ajustada a la realidad y a la evidencia histórica, en la que el dinero impulsa a las variables reales. Resalta la naturaleza del dinero-crédito moderno como unidad de cuenta, cuya transferibilidad incorpora al Estado como deudor. Concluye que una concepción moderna da a la autoridad monetaria herramientas de política útiles y concretas para afrontar los problemas de pleno empleo y estabilidad de precios que sacuden a las sociedades actuales.
其他摘要：In this paper the bases of monetary metalism are confronted with the institutionalist monetary fundaments of chartalism. Initially, an attempt is made to unmask the erroneous conception of money that still permeates economic and political doctrines in contemporary societies, in order to propose instead a new conception of money. This would be more adjusted to reality and historical evidence where it acts as a driving force for the development of the real variables. In this context, the nature of modern credit money is highlighted as a unit of account whose transferability incorporates the State as debtor. In this sense, it is concluded that a modern conception of money gives the monetary authority useful and concrete economic policy tools to deal with the problems of full employment and price stability that shake societies of today.
关键词：metalismo, cartalismo, jerarquía del crédito, teoría monetaria moderna; JEL: B19, B25, B50.
