摘要：Magnesium (Mg2 ) deficiency is probably the most underestimated electrolyte imbalance in Western countries. It is frequent in obese patients, subjects with type-2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome, both in adulthood and in childhood. This narrative review aims to offer insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms linking Mg2 deficiency with obesity and the risk of developing metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Literature highlights critical issues about the treatment of Mg2 deficiency, such as the lack of a clear definition of Mg2 nutritional status, the use of different Mg2 salts and dosage and the different duration of the Mg2 supplementation. Despite the lack of agreement, an appropriate dietary pattern, including the right intake of Mg2 , improves metabolic syndrome by reducing blood pressure, hyperglycemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. This occurs through the modulation of gene expression and proteomic profile as well as through a positive influence on the composition of the intestinal microbiota and the metabolism of vitamins B1 and D.
关键词：magnesium; magnesium deficiency; magnesium supplementation; obesity; metabolic syndrome; type 2 diabetes; gut microbiota; vitamin D magnesium ; magnesium deficiency ; magnesium supplementation ; obesity ; metabolic syndrome ; type 2 diabetes ; gut microbiota ; vitamin D
