摘要：The success of the development carried out by a country, including Indonesia, one of which can be seen from the number of poor people. The results of the development carried out by both the local government and the central government still leaving the poverty in most of the existing population. The number of poor people in the Province of Bali, both in absolute and in the percentage is fluctuating, evenabsolutely, the number ofpoor people in 2011 was much more than in 2009 (183.1 thousand versus 173.6 thousand of people). It is essential to evaluate the government programs to be in accordance with the Act Number 25 Year 2004 on National Development Planning System which mandates the control and evaluation of the implementation of development plans and to be in accordance with the Government Regulation. 39 of 2006, concerning the monitoring. Seeing the importance of activities to perform the evaluation or monitoring, the study aims: 1) to determine the effectiveness of poverty eradication programs that have been implemented by the government so far, which is reducing the expenditure of the poor people, which involving inputs, processes and outputs;2) To analyze theconstraints faced by the implementers in the implementation of poverty eradication programs that are reducing the expenditure of the poor;3) To assess the benefits perceived by the recipients of the program, during receiving aids in the areas of education, health, and food sector;4) to analyze the weaknesses that exist in the various poverty eradication programs that have been implemented by the government;5) to assess the commitment of the program implementers in implementing poverty eradication programs in accordance with the community expectations. The research was conducted in three regencies, namely Buleleng, Badung, and Klungkung and each consisted of as many as 90 persons including the recipients of poverty eradication programs in the fields of education, health, and, food, as well as the informants. Thus the total number of respondents and informants were as many as 270 people in the three regencies. The sampling method used both for the respondents of program recipients and for the informants was purposive sampling combined with accidental sampling. The data collection method was conducted by a variety of methods: observation, interviews, and in-depth interviews. Before the data collection was done, the test of validity and reliability tests were conducted on the research instruments to be used in collecting the data. The analysis technique used was the descriptive statistical techniques both single-frequency distributions and cross-tabulations. It was also conducted the qualitative or descriptive analysis based on the results obtained from the in-depth interview of the informants and the respondents. Overall, the effectiveness of aid programs in the field of food aid, particularly aid of rice for the poor is lesser compared with the effectiveness of the other two aids, namely in the areas of education and health. The recipients of food aids especially those who received rice for the poor gained less benefits from the aids given. The problem faced in the real situation, namely prior to the distribution of aids, the village meetings (Muskel and Musdes) were not conducted in a timely manner so that the data received from the central government to be used as the basis for the distribution of rice for the poor become less accurate. Weaknesses faced by the program in its implementation, among others, the implementation of data collection that is considered to be too long so that its target is inaccurate especially the distribution of the rice aids for the poor.
其他摘要：Keberhasilan pembangunan yang dilaksanakan oleh satu negara termasuk Indonesia salah satunya dapat dilihat dari keberadaan penduduk miskinnya. Hasil-hasil pembangunan yang dilaksanakan baik di pemerintah daerah maupun pusat menyisakan kemiskinan pada sebagian penduduk yang ada. Jumlah penduduk miskin di Provinsi Bali baik secara absolut maupun persentase mengalami fluktuasi, bahkan secara absolut penduduk miskin pada tahun 2011 lebih banyak daripada tahun 2009 (183,1 ribu orang berbanding 173,6 ribu orang). Evaluasi berbagai program pemerintah sesuai dengan UU No. 25 Tahun 2004 tentang Sistem Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional yang mengamanatkan pengendalian dan evaluasi terhadap pelaksanaan rencana pembangunan dan menurut Peraturan Pemerintah No. 39 tahun 2006, sangat penting. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengetahui efektivitas program-program pengentasan kemiskinan yang telah dilaksanakan oleh pemerintah selama ini yang bersifat mengurangi pengeluaran masyarakat miskin menyangkut input, proses, dan output;2) menganalisis kendala-kendala yang dihadapi oleh pelaksana dalam implementasi program-program pengentasan kemiskinan yang bersifat mengurangi pengeluaran masyarakat miskin;3) mengkaji manfaat yang dirasakan oleh penerima program selama menerima bantuan di bidang pendidikan, kesehatan, dan pangan. Penelitian dilakukan di tiga kabupaten yaitu Buleleng, Badung, dan Klungkung dengan jumlah responden masing masing sebanyak 90 orang yang meliputi responden penerima program pengentasan kemiskinan di bidang pendidikan, kesehatan, dan pangan, serta informan. Dengan demikian, total responden dan informan adalah 270 orang di tiga kabupaten. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan baik untuk responden penerima program maupun informan adalah purposive sampling yang dikombinasikan dengan accidental sampling. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan ada berbagai metode yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan wancara mendalam. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah teknik statistik deskriptif baik distribusi frekuensi tunggal maupun tabulasi silang. Secara keseluruhan, efektivitas program bantuan di bidang pangan, khususnya bantuan Raskin lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan efektivitas kedua bantuan lainnya, yaitu pendidikan dan kesehatan. Ditinjau dari manfaat yangditerima, penerima bantuan di bidang pangan khususnya Bantuan Raskin, merasakan manfaat yang paling rendah. Kendala di lapangan pada saat bantuan belum didistribusikan seperti musyawarah desa/musyawarah kelurahan tidak dilakukan secara tepat waktu, sehingga data dari pusat yang diterima daerah yang digunakan sebagai dasar pendistribusian Raskin, menjadi kurang tepat.
关键词：Evaluation;Poverty Eradication;Rice aids for the poor
