期刊名称：Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji
印刷版ISSN：2083-2214
出版年度：2014
卷号：26
DOI：10.14681/afkit.2014.002
语种：English
出版社：Main Board of Association of Polish Surveyors
摘要：This paper presents aspects of ALS data usage in two-dimensional hydraulic modelling including generation of high-precision digital terrain models,their effective processing which is a compromise between the resolution and the accuracy of the processed data,as well as information about the roughness of the land cover providing information that could compete with information from topographic databases and orthophotomaps. Still evolving ALS technology makes it possible to collect the data with constantly increasing spatial resolution that guarantees correct representation of the terrain shape and height. It also provides a reliable description of the land cover. However,the size of generated files may cause problems in their effective usage in the 2D hydraulic modeling where Saint-Venant’s equations are implemented. High-resolution elevation models make it impossible or prolong the duration of the calculations for large areas in complex algorithms defining a model of the water movement,which is directly related to the cost of the hydraulic analysis. As far as an effective usage of voluminous datasets is concerned,the data reduction is recommended. Such a process should reduce the size of the data files,maintain their accuracy and keep the appropriate structure to allow their further application in the hydraulic modelling. An application of only a few percent of unprocessed datasets,selected with the use of specified filtering algorithms and spatial analysis tools,can give the same result of the hydraulic modeling obtained in a significantly shorter time than the result of the comparable operation on unprocessed datasets. Such an approach,however,is not commonly used,which means the most reliable hydraulic models are applied only in small areas in the largest cities. Another application of ALS data is its potential usage in digital roughness model creation for 2D hydraulic models. There are many possibilities of roughness coefficient estimation in hydraulic modelling which has an impact on the velocity of water flow. As a basic and reference source for such analysis topographic databases as well as orthophotomaps from aerial or satellite imagery can be considered. The presented paper proved that LIDAR data should be effectively applied in cooperation between surveyors and hydrologists. ALS data can be s used solely in the creation of a fully correct two-dimensional hydraulic model,assuming that appropriate hydraulic datasets are available. Additionally,application of ALS data should not be limited to geometric representation of the terrain and it can be used as information about roughness of terrain. The presented paper was financed by the Foundation for Polish Science - research grant no. VENTURES/2012-9/1 from Innovative Economy program of the European Structural Funds.
其他摘要：W niniejszym artykule zaprezentowano aspekty wykorzystania danych z lotniczego skanowania laserowego w dwuwymiarowym modelowaniu hydraulicznym obejmujących tworzenie wysokiej dokładności numerycznych modeli terenu,ich efektywnego przetworzenia będącego ko
关键词：hydraulic modelling;airborne laser scanning (ALS);digital terrain model (DTM); data reduction;digital roughness model (DRM)
其他关键词：modelowanie hydrauliczne;lotnicze skanowanie laserowe (ALS);numeryczny model terenu (NMT);redukcja ilościowa danych;numeryczny model szorstkości podłoża
