期刊名称：International Journal of Sport, Exercise and Training Sciences
电子版ISSN：2149-8229
出版年度：2017
卷号：3
语种：English
出版社：Balikesir University
摘要：Physical activity was emphasized as one of the crucial factors for optimal growth and development of the youth (Strong,et al.,2005). On the contrary,majority of adolescents don’t meet the current international guidelines for physical activity (Eaton,et al.,2011). Recent attention has focused on social capital (SC) as a factor contributing to health outcomes (Furuta,et al.,2012). Putnam (2007) defined SC as “social networks and the associated norms of reciprocity and trustworthiness” and SC is different than other social determinants of health as it is based on individual’s direct choices and behaviors in their networks. This study examines the social capital perception associated with physical activity participation among Turkish adolescents in Eskişehir city center. Method:Correlational research design was implemented. A survey conducted on 340 high school students,aged 14-18 years from 5 different high-schools. Students consisted of 187 female students (Height=164.64±6.74 cm,Weight=54.36±8.73 kg,BMI=19.95±3.05 kg/m) and 153 male students (Height=173.62±8.51 cm,Weight=64.13±12.35 kg,BMI=21.11±2.98 kg/m). Physical activity participation was assessed by short version of International Physical Activity Questionnaire and as it was previously recommended (Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee,2008),this variable coded as categorical variable for at least 60 minutes daily participation in (i) regular vigorous and/or moderate physical activity (RVMPA),(ii) overall regular physical activity (ORPA). Five different social capital indicators (Family SC,Neighborhood SC,Informal Social Trust,Vertical School Trust and Horizontal School Trust) were main independent variables,and household income,parental educational level,self-perceived health (coded as very poor,poor,regular,good,excellent) were possible covariates. The association between variables were assessed separately in terms of gender by multiple logistic binary regression model. All assumptions of multiple logistic binary regression were satisfied. The data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics 20.0 (SPSS Inc.,Chicago,IL),and the significance level was set at 0.05. Odds ratios (OR) and Confidence Intervals (CI) were also calculated.Results:High vertical school trust was positively associated with RMVPA (OR 3.70,%95CI: 1.09-12.47) for girls. Having a good self-rated health was associated with RMVPA for boys (OR 2.53,%95CI: 1.10-5.91) and girls (OR 4.87,%95CI: 1.23-19.26). Boys with higher family social capital perception were less likely to participate in RMVPA (OR: 0.35,%95 CI: 0.13-0.96). Higher educational level of father was reversely associated with RMVPA for girls (OR 0.46,%95CI: 0.93). Boys with higher vertical school trust perception were less likely to participate in ORPA (OR: 0.46,%95CI: 0.20-1.04). Similarly,having a good self-rated health was also associated with ORPA for boys (OR 2.21,%95CI: 1.01-4.82) and girls (OR 1.87,%95CI: 0.98-3.54). DISCUSSION: Different aspects of SC is predictive on physical activity participation behavior among Turkish adolescents. Specifically,family and vertical school SC are mainly predictive factor. Thus parental and teacher role modeling are important factor for physical activity behavior among adolescents (Sterdt,Liersch,& Walter,2013). Academic achievement concerns of students,their parents and teachers might be the main factor of negative associations between SC perception and physical activity participation.
